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从砍柴割草到“编写生命密码”——记基因组学家杨焕明

2017-09-01 13:34:24   新华网

回顾自己的人生历程,杨焕明说:“只有吃苦,才能懂得珍惜,才会更加热爱学习。”

念小学时,杨焕明凭借大量的阅读,作文成绩一直名列前茅。老师将优秀作文贴在墙上,那个时候,他的作品几乎霸占了一整面墙。

小学毕业后,杨焕明考上了县里的中学。然而,中学上到一半,他就参与到“上山下乡”中。那个年代盛行“读书无用论”,而杨焕明把夜晚在煤油灯下读书看成是最大的享受。

“书都被烧了,只剩下3本我偷偷藏着的英语书。”直到现在,杨焕明还能清晰流利地背出英语书里几乎所有的课文及后面的补充阅读,还有所有的英文诗歌。

当年与他同住一室的工友感慨:“杨焕明这个人说好每天背30个英语单词,就一定做到!”

正是凭着这股认真劲,杨焕明后来出国深造,在丹麦哥本哈根大学获得博士学位,随后在法国、美国从事博士后研究。上世纪90年代初,杨焕明决定回国报效祖国。

带领中国基因组学研究走向世界

归国后,杨焕明一直从事基因组学研究,带领团队为“人类基因组计划”“人类单体型图计划”等国际合作的基因组计划,以及水稻(籼稻)基因组、SARS冠状病毒的基因组研究等作出了重大贡献。他们所承担的人类基因组、水稻基因组以及家猪、家鸡、家蚕基因组等重大项目使我国的基因组研究得以跻身于世界前沿。

2000年6月26日,杨焕明终生难忘。北京时间18时整,包括中国在内的6个国家同时宣布,号称“生命天书”的人类基因组工作草图绘制完毕,其中的1%由中国完成。

1%得来并不容易。1998年,人类基因组计划的工作几乎已被5个发达国家瓜分完毕,最迟加入计划的德国只分到约2%。此时,中国决定迎难而上。

资金不足,杨焕明捐出了100多万元,一些同事也主动掏钱自助,甚至还向家属借钱,供团队共渡难关。时间紧迫,杨焕明与同事们铆足劲,在不到半年的时间里,创造了奇迹。

——通过网络递交的一个测序片断,其误差率仅为百万分之六,创造了世界纪录;

——每天测序量达到200万对碱基,中国的基因组测序能力被证明仅次于美国、英国和日本。

“加入国际人类基因组计划,使中国平等分享该计划所建立的所有技术、资源和数据,并使我国成为世界上少数几个能独立完成大型基因组分析的国家,意义重大且深远。”杨焕明说,因为只有拥有了自己的数据和参考样本,才能全面筛选特异性疾病基因,为后期预防医学研究做铺垫。

杨焕明说,基因组学正处于科学发现的“黄金时代”,很多未知的科学现象和未解的科学问题正等待着在这一领域奋斗的科研人员、教师和学生去探索,去发现,去解释。

“爱上科学是最大的幸运,希望更多对生命科学感兴趣的年轻人,选择生命科学研究作为自己的工作和事业,并让研究成果造福人类和大自然。”杨焕明期待。

责任编辑:马丽丽 CL0938
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