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震撼!这群中国人,在荒原沙地造出世界最大人工氧吧

2017-08-07 11:01:56   现代快报全媒体

不到塞罕坝,体会不到在荒漠沙地上种树,是怎样的一种挑战和艰苦。

一眼望去,到处都是绿色的塞罕坝,如果仔细观察,就能看出地表生态的脆弱。茂密的植被下面,土层最薄的地方,只有4厘米左右,下面就是砂石。

石质阳坡造林,好比在青石板上栽树,一锹下去都是石头,还蓄不了水,而且坡度太大,最陡的地方达到了46度,机械完全上不去。只能依靠人工或者骡子,背着苗子上山栽树。有一次,连骡子都站不住,滚下山坡,摔死了两头。

1995年参加工作的李永东,现在是塞罕坝林场林业科负责人,他带领团队一起进行技术攻关,通过多次实验,选择了樟子松作为树种。

然后就是在青石板上整地。在这些坡地挖个大坑,把里面的石头全部刨出来。

没有土,就到外面运土,把土回填到这些坑里。

为了解决蓄不了水的问题,大家还想出了一个好办法,在坑里铺上薄膜,留一个洞。这样雨水就能灌进薄膜,把水保住了……

造林难,一代更比一代难!面对一块又一块难啃的硬骨头,这5年来,塞罕坝人把一个个不可能变成可能,攻坚造林7.5万亩。仅剩的1.4万亩造林空间,也将在2018年全面覆绿。

震撼四:绿水青山正在变成金山银山

在塞罕坝,不时能见到"绿水青山就是金山银山"的标语。对于这里的人来说,对这句话深有体会。

2016年,塞罕坝接待游客50万人次,门票收入达到4400万元。但旅游收入只是塞罕坝金山银山的一小部分。塞罕坝总减排量为475万吨二氧化碳当量的碳汇项目,如果全部实现上市交易,预计收入超亿元。在北京环境交易所,第一批次18.3万吨减排量的造林碳汇已经开始运营。再加上苗木种植,到手工艺品开发,塞罕坝每年可实现社会总收入6亿多元。

但塞罕坝的金山银山远远不是这些所能衡量的。现有112万亩森林,每年释放的氧气,可供199万多人呼吸一年。每年,塞罕坝还为京津地区涵养、净化水质1.37亿立方米。

中国林科院评估显示,塞罕坝的森林生态系统,每年提供超过120亿元的生态服务价值。

塞罕坝的生态治理也已经呈现连带效应,在围场御道口、承德丰宁千松坪、张家口塞北林场,一道长长的绿色屏障已经拔地而起,有效阻止了浑善达克沙地的南侵。

55年,通过三代人的努力,曾经的荒漠已经变回了绿洲。

塞罕坝人说,他们补上了历史的欠账,没给子孙后代留下灾祸。

责任编辑:马丽丽 CL0938
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