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中国首批航天员无缘飞天 他们经历了什么?(图)

2016-11-17 07:07:49   解放军报

从我国首个秘密载人航天工程“曙光号”到“921”,航医所中的多位工作人员见证了整个过程,为飞天的千古一梦做了长达30年的准备。当载人航天真正要开始启动的时候,他们却到了退休的年纪,许多人心有不甘,壮志挥泪。

吴杰以为自己的命运会有不同。他所说的“赶上了好时候”,是指他和他的队友们能参与到载人航天的实质发展阶段中来。如果把这个过程比作一场勇敢者游戏,那么这场游戏在骰子每一次的投注中都不可避免地产生出局者。

首批航天员14人零淘汰率但不是每人都有机会进入太空

我国首批航天员之所以招募人数为14名,是因为借鉴了美国和俄罗斯的航天员选拔经验,原则上航天员训练过程中淘汰率一般为50%。

2003年7月,在杨利伟首飞之前,14名航天员集体参加考核,这对他们来说相当于生死一战。考评委员会通过复核试卷、回放录像、计算训练5年多来的各项考试等级和训练成绩,综合各界意见,最后给每个航天员打出总分。

7月3日,评选结果揭晓:14名航天员全部具备了独立执行航天飞行任务的能力,予以结业,并同时获得三级航天员资格。这意味着中国第一代航天员正式产生,标志着中国成为继俄罗斯和美国之后,世界上第3个能够独立培养航天员的国家。并且,这个成绩还打破了世界航天界的一项纪录:中国航天员大队的训练,淘汰率为零。

任何美好的事物背面都难免有阴影。这样的成绩也暗示了另外一个事实:并不是每一名航天员都有执行飞行任务的机会。

20年光阴奉献给载人航天事业没上太空成遗憾

从1996年到2016年,是吴杰的个人年表中定位在中国航天员中心的20年。这20年间,他看着战友慢慢走出了不同的人生轨迹。

从“神舟五号”到“神舟十号”,我国首批14名航天员中已经有8人的名字为公众所熟知,他们是:杨利伟、费俊龙、聂海胜、翟志刚、刘伯明、景海鹏、刘旺、张晓光。其中聂海胜两次执行过飞行任务,景海鹏更是三度飞天。

神舟十号的三位宇航员:聂海胜、张晓光和王亚平

吴杰说:“我们大部分是60后,经历过大变革,没有名利双收的功利心,却有为祖国、家庭和个人争创辉煌的荣誉感。我们赶上了好时代,搞载人航天也许是我们彰显人生价值的最好途径。载人航天发射100%的成功率,但也没想到还有上不了太空的遗憾。”

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