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4位全国人大负责人就"人大立法工作"答问(实录)

2016-03-10 10:25:30   海外网

考虑这样的情况,没有规定限行。那么地方还能不能限行?您刚才讲到,很多地方规定了限行,包括北京也规定了限行,这种规定是不是违反上位法、违反法律?在这部法律当中,有一条规定叫做临时限行,根据地方的实际情况,地方性法规可以规定一些限行的规定,很难说它是与法律相抵触的,因为法律没有规定,法律规定这个可以由地方人大常委会根据当地的实际情况做出规定。据我了解,北京、上海、天津都做出了相应的规定,根据天气污染的情况可以做出限行的相应措施。

第二个问题,如何加强对地方性法规的备案审查工作。按照立法法的规定,地方性法规制定出来以后,都要报全国人大常委会备案,也要报国务院备案。全国人大常委会各专门委员会以及刚才胜明主任讲的法工委都负有审查地方性法规是否违反法律的职责。具体的工作机构是在全国人大常委会法工委,我们有备案审查室。按照现在的做法,如何加强备案审查?国务院制定的行政法规、“两高”制定的司法解释,报到我们这里备案以后,备案审查室做到了逐件、逐条的审查。地方性法规报来以后,坦率地说还没有做到逐件审查,因为量太大了,特别是刚才讲到设区的市都有地方立法权,也都要报到全国人大常委会和国务院备案,刚才我没有报设区的市的数量,有320个,包括自治州、4个地级市,量非常大,所以我们现在还没有做到逐件审查,但是有关公民组织是可以向我们提出对法规是否符合法律的审查建议。

一方面我们根据群众来信、根据组织的来信进行审查,另一方面每年有所侧重地审查地方性法规。比如去年,大量的法律修改以后,有关行政审批取消以后,地方法规是不是及时修改,是不是与上位法相抵触,做了重点审查。在审查的过程当中也确实发现有一些地方性法规与法律规定不一致的问题,我也注意到社会上总认为全国人大常委会为什么不行使一次撤销权?按照立法法的规定,如果专门委员会和工作委员会在审查过程当中,发现有地方性法规与法律不一致的,有一道程序,可以向制定机关提出意见,告诉他们这个规定与上位法、与法律不一致,要求制定机关自己先行修改。实际上,我们在审查的过程当中,也发现了若干不符合法律规定的,地方都主动自己改了,这是法律当中的一个程序,就用不着行使撤销权了。如果制定机关坚持不改,按照法律规定全国人大常委会有权撤销这些不符合宪法和法律规定的地方性法规。谢谢。

[钟雪泉]:

今天的记者会到此结束。谢谢四位嘉宾,谢谢各位记者的支持,谢谢,再见。

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