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揭秘南海仲裁案仲裁庭真面目 完全由菲方“包养”

2016-07-18 08:23:06   广州日报

随意轻率的组成程序

国际权威司法机构均有严格的组成程序。在组成人员方面,根据有关国际规则和国际司法实践,法官和仲裁员的选任应尽可能全面代表世界各个地区和不同法律体系。因此,国际法院由来自各大洲的15名法官组成,国际海洋法法庭更有多达21名法官。

反观南海仲裁案仲裁庭,首席仲裁员和仲裁员由指定和协商产生。仲裁庭法定成员为5人。根据《公约》附件七第8条规定,以5名仲裁员为例,3名仲裁员参与投票即可作出裁决。

分析人士认为,少数仲裁员对案件包括证据在内的诸多方面拥有绝对控制和自由裁量权,把涉及重要海洋利益甚至是国家核心利益问题交到多则5人、少则3人手中决定,显然轻率而无法接受。

此外,在临时仲裁庭组建过程中,怪事连连,破绽不断。

在推选过程中,最初被任命的首席仲裁员、斯里兰卡前外交官平托,本来是唯一来自亚洲的仲裁员。然而,平托接受任命后即被发现其夫人持有菲律宾国籍,这违背了国际司法和诉讼中关于利益冲突和回避两项基本原则。更不可思议的是,平托辞职后不到三个星期,不在“名单”之列的加纳籍法官门萨就被指定为首席仲裁员。

这样,最终仲裁庭由4名欧洲籍仲裁员和长期居住欧洲的门萨构成。其中帕夫拉克是柳井未与中方协商代为指定的中方仲裁员代表。

破绽百出的所谓仲裁

然而,仅从最终确定的5人仲裁庭名单看,也有很多问题。

首先有必要了解一下仲裁庭的“操盘手”——柳井俊二,他指定了本案大部分仲裁员。

据各项资料显示,柳井俊二是日本资深外交官,也是日本右翼势力的代表。柳井长年担任安倍政府安保法制恳谈会会长职务。这一职务的实质就是安倍政府智囊团的首席。其个人政治立场非常明确。此外,2001年10月,他因牵涉滥用外务省机密费受到处分而丢官赔款,其“职业道德”亦令人怀疑。

专家表示,虽然根据《公约》国际海洋法法庭庭长在特定情形下有权组建特设仲裁庭,但其政治背景和明显的政治倾向理应构成法定回避事由。

另外,仲裁员当中,除代中方指定的帕夫拉克外,其余4人均作为其他仲裁案的仲裁员出席。其中门萨(5起)和沃尔夫鲁姆(3起)居多,门萨同时兼任三个仲裁庭首席仲裁员。

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