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中国对南海和平稳定的贡献

2016-07-12 18:35:58   中国日报

南沙岛礁及其附近海域生物多样性丰富,生态系统独特。由于过度捕捞现象长期存在,一些珍稀生物资源数量急剧下降,对海洋生态环境造成严重威胁。以南海丰富的珊瑚礁资源为例,在西沙群岛和南沙群岛海域,过去10—15年中,珊瑚覆盖率已经从60%下降到20%左右。退化的人为因素主要为渔业资源的过度捕捞。

为此,中国投入周边国家无可比拟的大量经费从事珊瑚礁调查和生态保护与修复,而据了解,南海周边国家较少有人从事这项工作。

除此之外,为了防止对渔业资源的过度捕捞,保护海上渔业资源,提高渔民的生态与环保意识,中国不顾巨量经济损失,从1999年就开始实施在南海的伏季休渔政策,今年已是第18个年头。中国和其他国家的渔船都在限制范围内。单单2015年,海南伏季休渔渔船就达9000艘。这项政策取得了良好的生态、经济和社会效益,保障了南海渔业可持续发展,无疑也是中方履行国际责任和义务的体现。

有些国家污蔑称,中国在南海岛礁的建设对珊瑚礁造成大面积破坏。与这种“欲加之罪”相反,事实是,中国有关活动坚持“绿色工程、生态岛礁”的生态环境保护理念,经过深入研究、严谨论证,采取了全程动态保护措施,使工程与生态环境保护两者兼顾,实现南沙岛礁可持续发展。中方有关建设活动完成后,将大幅提升有关岛礁的生态环境保护能力,有关做法经得起时间的考验。

国际合作联合预警

在深化国际合作方面,为加强南海海域的水上交通安全管理,保障海上人命财产安全,我国遵循有关国际公约,主动倡议南海周边各国在航行安全、海上保安、航海保障等领域,加强沟通合作,建立南海周边国家海上应急事件联合预警和应急处置机制。

目前,我们已建立了“中国—东盟海事合作机制”、“中越区域性搜救合作机制”等多个机制。其中,广西防城市与越南广宁省还建立了搜救小区协作机制,为南海国际搜救合作进行了有益的探索。

对于中国在南沙岛礁进行的相关建设,中国政府也已表示,愿在将来条件成熟时邀请美国及有关国家和国际组织利用相关岛礁上的设施开展人道主义救援减灾等方面的合作。这充分说明,中国在南沙岛礁进行建设,非但没有威胁到所谓“航行自由”,非但不是为了中国的一己之私,而恰恰是中国作为负责任大国积极承担、履行自己的国际义务的体现。

对此,一贯叫嚣中国的相关建设影响了南海的“航行自由”的美国也是不得不承认的。美国海军作战部部长格林纳特即说,如能够使用中方建设设施共同开展人道主义救援减灾领域合作,有利于南海地区的航行安全、有利于维护地区的和平与稳定,具有重要的历史意义。

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