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“三板斧”失效 债市超额收益何处觅

2017-09-30 07:32:53   

孙超:从基本面看,地产周期已基本确认进入中后期,地产投资增速将延续震荡下行态势,而政策重心向环保与规范地方融资等倾斜,环保督察影响生产端,规范地方融资影响需求端,供需共振将致实体经济稳中趋弱,名义GDP增速将呈趋缓态势。从资金面上看,随着实体去杠杆的推进、地方政府债务规范以及消费贷监管的加强,后续融资需求的边际走弱可能会使得银行间流动性出现一定好转,资金面也将得到一定缓解。另外,考虑到前三季度银行同业链条已明显收缩,金融去杠杆已取得一定成效,监管政策对市场冲击将减弱。

覃汉:季末之后,资金紧张将会缓解,短期资金面不构成进一步威胁。“定向降准”实质性利好不大,却让投资者看到了央行货币政策边际转向的可能,在今年基本面相对平稳、政策主导市场的环境下,这点显得尤为重要;从预期上来看,多数投资者认为至少10月初资金面会大概率转向宽松,收益率仍有一定下行空间,这种假设下,市场参与者在9月末收益率冲高之后倾向于节前增加筹码参与反弹机会,毕竟8月收益率的两次冲高已测出利率债的顶部,在当前点位做多吃大亏的风险并不大。

中国证券报:从主要投资机构来看,未来增量需求可能来自哪里?

赵巍华:市场增量需求预计有限,债市阶段性改善可期,牛市难现。决策层推进金融严监管和去杠杆的决心坚定,货币政策稳中偏紧,整个金融体系的表内外资产扩张增速放缓应仍将持续。M2增速放缓,银行表外理财增速也趋于放缓。信托等非银机构的负债端偏紧。金融机构负债增长放缓,对债券的新增配置需求也会受到一些影响。但随着房地产调控加码、对地方政府债务监管力度加大,社融增速相对刚性的局面可能逐渐打破。上半年相对刚性的社融需求也挤压了机构的配置空间,四季度这种情况预计会有一些改善,从而给债市带来一些边际利好。

孙超:首先,货币基金有望增持久期较短的利率债。月初出台的货基新规对货币基金的流动性提出了更高要求,同时限制其对于等级较低的存单和信用债投资。这对于久期较短、流动性相对更高的国债、政策性金融债形成利好。四季度银行可能会具有增量需求,过去10年银行统计数据显示,12月国债的中债登托管量均高于8月,上清所托管量虽均低于8月,但中债登量级远高于上清所,显示每年四季度商业银行均增持国债。

中国证券报:未来还有哪些风险点?

赵巍华:未来仍需关注内外部宏观政策演化以及这种背景下金融机构的负债端变化,特别是收益率水平和稳定性。金融严监管和去杠杆预计仍会持续,金融机构负债端仍面临不少压力。特别是一些中小金融机构存在负债获取能力差、负债端不稳定而资产端杠杆高、资产流动性差的双重压力。偶发因素容易导致市场资金面出现阶段性紧张,甚至导致个别机构继续通过阶段性抛售获得流动性。

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