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市值管理与股价操纵的十大差别

2017-09-30 07:32:52   

试金石:只追求股票价格最高化的,不是市值管理。

二、主体有别

市值管理与股价操纵在主体上也是天差地别,具体体现在多个层面上。先说实施主体。市值管理的实施主体是上市公司经营团队,尽管市值管理离不开上市公司大股东的参与和支持。依照信托精神,股东们将上市公司托付给经营团队管理,经营团队受人之托经营公司,开展市值管理,这既是经营团队履行信托义务的体现,也是经营团队做强企业、实现企业价值最大化的切实举措。而股价操纵的实施主体则是上市公司大(或控股)股东。监管部门近年来披露的一起起股价操纵案无一例外地都与大(控股)股东有关。宏达新材股价操纵案主角是宏达新材的控股股东朱X洪;蝶彩案主角是恒康医疗实际控制人阙X彬。

再看决策主体。市值管理的决策主体是上市公司董事会,乃至股东会。市值管理事关上市公司的长远发展,事关数以亿计的公司价值,事关上市公司的战略资源配置,因此,市值管理无小事,根据公司法和上市公司章程,重大事项决策需要提交董事会和股东会。而股价操纵则不同,其决策主体是大(控股)股东。

再观参与主体。市值管理的参与主体有一帮人,其中包括董事长和董事会其他成员、总经理和经营团队相关人员、董事会秘书和其他相关人员,大家共同参与,分工合作,各负其责。中国台湾著名企业管理咨询机构精通咨询甚至提出,在价值导向深入人心的企业里,人人都应是“价值经理”。然而,股价操纵的参与主体则不同,多是一个人,这个人常常就是大(控股)股东本人,或者最多加上其左膀右臂三两个人。

还论受益主体。市值管理的受益主体是上市公司及其全体股东。随着企业价值的提升,上市公司综合竞争实力得到增强,包括中小投资者在内的上市公司全体股东都能受益,共同分享权益市值提升的财富效应。但股价操纵的受益者只是个别股东,准确地说就是大(控股)股东及其串通者,上市公司不会从股价操纵中得到核心竞争能力的增强,享受到任何益处。

试金石:只有大股东一个人决策、参与和独享的,不是市值管理。

三、属性有别

市值管理是战略工程,而股价操纵则是临时的战术行为。北京大学出版社2008年出版的《市值管理论》明确指出:“市值管理是上市公司基于市值信号,顺应市场规律,综合运用多种科学管理方法与手段,实现公司价值创造最大化、价值实现最优化的战略管理工程”。正如中国证监会前副主席庄心一同志曾经公开强调的那样,市值管理“不是短期的、碎片式的行为”。市值管理的战略工程特质表现为:放眼长远,一管管几年;高屋建瓴,统领全公司;既有包括科学论证、慎重决策、长远规划和组织落实等的操作流程,也有包括目标、组织、制度、考核和激励等的配套机制。

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