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双创可转债实施细则发布 新三板创新层迎政策红利

2017-09-27 07:52:55   

深交所相关负责人则表示,转股条款的设置,一方面丰富了中小企业融资方式,降低了发行人的融资成本;另一方面保障了投资机构根据与发行人签订的业绩承诺等契约条款进行转股的合法权益。转股条款的设置将增强非公开发行公司债券的市场吸引力。深交所将继续落实各项资本市场改革工作,大力推进大众创业、万众创新,不断激发市场活力,深入服务实体经济发展。

此外,《实施细则》规定了拟发行可转债主体发行前和转股后股东人数都不能超过200人。记者统计显示,目前新三板创新层公司共1377家,股东人数低于200人的公司大约1100多家。大多数创新层公司符合发行可转债的条件。

东北证券新三板研究中心总监付立春表示,在债券市场刚兑没有完全打开的大背景下,预计可转债政策将谨慎推进,开始时规模不会很大,期待能尽快推出更多针对新三板创新层的区别政策、制度红利。

仍存诸多难点

“新三板面临的首要问题仍是流动性不足,使得估值方面严重失真。在双创可转债的实际操作中,估值和风险控制将成为难点。”一位创新层公司的董秘对中国证券报记者表示。

A股公司的可转债发行中,通常以二级市场的股价作为转股价的定价依据。就目前情况看,新三板企业的做市价格难以承担估值标准。前述董秘对记者表示,去年以来,公司做市价格下跌了70%。“股价下跌70%,并不能说明公司价值下跌了70%。做市价格难以反映公司实际价值,这是新三板创新层公司普遍面临的问题。”

有长期从事股权质押的人士对记者表示,A股公司股权质押有明确的质押比例。但对新三板企业而言,股权质押要复杂得多,需要综合考虑净利润、净资产等因素,质押比例通常较低。“多数亏损企业的股价基本没有价值。”该人士表示。

此次《实施细则》公布前,不少新三板公司已经开始尝试在区域股权交易市场和沪深交易所发行私募债和双创债,部分债券附带了转股选择权,而估值方式五花八门。

今年3月,山本光电拟在前海股权交易中心发行规模不超过1000万元的私募债券,其中附带转股选择权,转股价不低于行权基准日前20个交易日股票均价的90%。根据康润洁发布的公告,其发行的债券转股价格为最近一次定增价格。天星股份表示,拟发行的双创可转债的初始债转股价格不低于4元/股,不高于5元/股,根据市场状况与主承销商协商决定。按照公司2016年净利润496万元计算,其市盈率在16.7-20.83倍左右。

此外,有市场人士指出,一些发行了私募债的新三板公司后续出现了违约或无法赎回的情况。部分新三板中小微企业经营不稳定,即使转股难以为投资者提供足够保障,投资人面临一定投资风险。因此,后续的增信和监管措施值得关注。

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