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公募FOF费率争议:双重收费是伪命题?

2017-09-25 06:57:53   中国经济网

而中国的公募基金公司,仅有博时、大成、富国等30个基金公司布齐了产品线:股票型、混合型、债券型、货币市场型、另类投资型和QDII型基金。

就QDII基金而言,QDII型基金又可分为股票型、混合型、债券型和另类投资型。“目前并没有基金公司能够完全布局这几大类别,仅鹏华基金、南方基金等几个公募基金公司旗下拥有大部分QDII类型基金。”郭寅认为,“国内能够做内部FOF管理人+内部基金的基金公司较少,大部分产品线不丰富的基金公司都需要按照‘内部FOF管理模式+全市场基金’的投资模式进行运作。”

据悉,首批获得批文的六家基金公司的FOF产品均为全市场FOF。

双重收费是“伪命题”

在FOF产品的母基金和子基金之间,还有双重收费问题。

郭寅介绍称,“双重收费问题一直是困扰各国FOF的首要问题。”FOF的子基金都将收取申购赎回费、管理费、托管费等各类费用,而FOF母基金作为一只独立的基金产品,也需要收取申购赎回费、管理费、托管费等费用。

凯石金融产品研究中心首席分析师桑柳玉表示,与外部FOF相比,内部FOF管理费率显著较低。内部FOF常常被指责收取了两次管理费,因此,一般内部FOF可能不再收取管理费,或者管理费率较低。该中心统计了美国的内部FOF费率,发现其显著低于FOF平均的费率水平,更显著低于共同基金平均的费率水平。如股票型、混合型、债券型的内部FOF的费率分别仅为0.56%、0.42%和0.47%,而同类型的外部FOF费率都在1%以上,同类型的共同基金费率分别为(算术平均值)1.37%、1.25%、1%,内部FOF在费率上的优势显著。

济安金信基金评价中心主任王群航则认为:“双重收费是个伪命题。公募FOF本质上就是公募基金,只是投资标的有所不同。公募FOF也涉及主动管理,涉及研究、投资、销售、清算等业务,都是有成本的。现在市场上的基金数量已经多达4000多只,选基金的难度甚至超过选股。自愿购买FOF,就是为了享受专业机构的资产管理服务,这难道不应该支付一定的费用吗?”

在王群航看来,针对资产管理服务的每一道工序进行收费,并无不合理之处,“如果投资者觉得收费相对服务过高了,自然而然会用脚投票,进行市场调节”。

费率优于私募

“实际上,公募基金的管理费用并不高。”王群航进一步表示。

据其统计,截至2017年6月30日,中国公募基金行业的名义管理成本为0.92%,实际管理成本为0.57%。

上海一位私募FOF从业人士告诉《国际金融报》记者:“私募FOF的费率一般包括认购费、赎回费、管理费、业绩报酬。其中,认购费一般收1%,赎回费一般一年以上免收,一年以下收3%左右,管理费一般收1.5%至2%。业绩报酬一般每年计提一次,收取基金超额收益部分的20%。”也就是说,如果购买了一只私募FOF产品,该产品年度收益为10%,投资者实际到手的收益只有6%左右。

公募基金与私募基金最大的不同之处体现在费率的固定和透明上。公募基金的费率虽然略高,但针对超额收益部分不会再提取业绩报酬。

王群航建议投资者:“应更多关注公募基金管理人的投资收益,而不要总是关注管理成本,毕竟,只要收益好一些,就完全可以覆盖成本。”

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