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购房者眼中的首套房贷利率上浮:房价降了还款却增加了

2017-09-24 07:31:52   中国经济网

平安证券首席经济学家张明也认为,当前银行及金融行业在多大程度上被房地产所“绑架”,以及房地产行业一旦发生风险暴露,可能给银行业及金融市场带来的连锁负面影响。“商业银行总体涉房贷款规模接近四成。一旦房价出现大规模下跌,接近四成的银行贷款都可能受到关联影响。”张明及其团队研究表明,截止到2017年上半年,我国商业银行涉房贷款总规模约43.3万亿元,占各项贷款余额37.8%,占银行总资产25.5%。其中,个人住房贷款20.1万亿,房地产开发贷款7.8万亿,其他房地产贷款1.8万亿,以房地产作为抵押物的其他贷款13.6万亿。

张明研究认为,不同类型银行的涉房贷款结构存在差异。从规模上看:五大行涉房贷款规模最大,其次为城商、农商、其他机构,十二家股份制银行涉房贷款规模最小;从占比上看:五大行涉房贷款占总贷款比例最低,其次为股份制银行,城商、农商、其他机构最高;从房贷结构看:五大行个人住房贷款占比较高,开发贷占比较低;股份制银行总体开发贷占比较高,个人住房贷款占比分化较大,与各银行业务重点不同有关;城商、农商、其他机构一般个人住房贷款比重较低,直接房贷总量也相对较小。

房价跌了,还贷增加了

房价下跌对刚需买房者来说可能是喜讯,但对银行来说增加的是流动性风险和随之而来的压力。“房地产行业风险一旦爆发,农商行和股份制银行将首当其冲,国有商业银行抗风险能力较强。综合压力测试结果与其他定性角度考虑,我们认为房价下跌20%即会给银行业带来巨大压力。”张明认为。但同时,“随着调控升级与利率攀升,个人住房贷款增速已有显著放缓。”

不过,银行上调贷款利率,同时贷款期限也在由以前的30年缩短至25年,对购房人来说,最直接的影响是加重月供负担。

“对于一些首付本身压力就很大,勉强购房的群体来说,那么后续月供的压力也会增加,这样就需要此类购房者继续统筹好贷款的事项。”易居研究院智库中心研究中心严跃进说。

以100万元贷款为例,首套房贷利率从原来基准利率的4.9%,上调到10%,25年期计算,月供从之前的5787.8元增加至6075.4元,增加了287.6元。相比“3·17”楼市新政前的利率85折优惠来说,月供则增加了1202.7元。

月供增加,同时也意味着房屋总价提高了。张丽这样算了一笔账:如果按照首套房贷款利率上浮到基准利率的1.1倍来计算,他们中意的那套两居室,年初价格500万左右,预计200万首付,贷款300万。但是年初房贷利率8.5折到9折之间,按照9折计算,贷款25年,等额本息还款方式,还贷总额496万;现在利率上浮到基准利率的1.1倍,贷款300万、期限25年,等额本息还款方式,还贷总共510万。这套年初500万的房子,“317”新政前最高点涨到600万,现在跌20%,到了480万,感觉跌幅特别大。而与年初相比,房价虽跌了20万,贷款却要多还14万元。

此时,中介还在不断的催促她“赶紧定下来”。中介给她发信息说,“目前咱们基准利率是4.9,上浮20%也就是5.88,也不算高!我记得以前基准利率是6.55,不让贷才能最让人头疼的!”

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