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中国联通独董闭门会首次发声:联通混改背后的真实意图是什么?

2017-09-24 07:26:51   中国经济网

吕延杰用了一个比喻来形容这样的落差及其造成的结果:假如将中国移动和中国联通在技术设施上的投入比喻为各自砸下重金买下了100座的飞机,中国移动目前的上座率为80%,而运营成本几乎差不多的中国联通,上座率只有40%。这样,摊到每个客户身上的成本,就远高于中国移动。这种情况下,剩余60%的票,如果卖得比移动贵,则无人买单,如果卖得便宜,则意味着亏本,这正是中国联通的尴尬处境。

吕延杰表示,从联通内部的意见看来,在同质化竞争严重和4G业务已经落后于移动的情况下,中国联通需要寻找突围的办法,通过混改引入互联网巨头便是解决这一问题的重要策略。吕延杰透露,他所在的研究团队曾经为联通写过一份内参报告,其中便提到联通必须进行一场外科手术式的改革。

吕延杰举了一例:2017年上半年,联通跟腾讯联合开发了一种针对学生群体的大流量卡,中国联通从中抓取了大量的用户,这样的案例证明了与互联网公司共同开拓业务带来的好处。“在互联网公司无孔不入的时代,传统通信行业获取客户的渠道也发生了很大的变化,商业模式变得不同于以往,中国联通的高层看到了这一点,也意识到跟互联网公司的合作能够带来差异化的竞争策略。”吕延杰说。

在吕延杰看来,混改也隐含了中国联通对于5G业务的布局。事实上,在通信领域,决定成败的,不仅有通常说的“无形的手”和“有形的手”,还有第三只手——那就是技术。过去通信行业的历史经验一再证明,抓住技术革命带来的机遇对于运营商至关重要。吕延杰说,“要在5G上获取先机,联通需要资金来做这件事。从这几个角度看,联通混改是用一件事解决了数个问题:现有的市场问题,未来的发展战略问题等。”

吕延杰同时强调:在通信产业进入无线时代之后,基于基础设施投入上依然需要大量的沉淀资本,通信产业自然垄断的属性依然还在。这也意味着,互联网公司不能、也不愿意全权替代基础运营商的角色,传统通信公司和互联网公司在业务上依然能够形成天然的区割。

北京邮电大学副教授陈霞认为,在移动互联网崛起的时代,运营商的盈利模式和过去那种单一的电信项目收费已经有了很大的不同。互联网在从IT向DT转变,数据成为了最重要的资产,从数据出发,可以衍生出丰富多样的商业可能性,创造出更加多元的价值。互联网公司正是基于这一点,成为了平台化运营的典范。中国联通的这场混合所有制改革,不单单意味着资本的引进,更意味着其在商业模式和经营思路上的重大转变:中国联通开始真正将互联网巨头当做战略的合作伙伴,而不是竞争的对手。通过这样的融合,中国联通希望发掘出更多的可能性。

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