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押错方向 “交易之王”高盛大意失荆州

2017-09-18 07:46:38   中国经济网

叶燕武表示,从美国监管层来看,不愿意看到投行继续介入大宗现货,操纵现货价格,华尔街投行接下来的大宗业务将更多集中在衍生品交易上。

然而,从历史上看,程小勇表示,投行在大宗商品交易中“败北”,大多数的时候发生在商品出现系统性的持续下跌。如2008年之后的金融危机,以及2011年之后的中国经济减速换挡之后,商品出现持续四年的下跌。不过,2017年上半年投行商品交易受挫,并非单纯是做错方向,而是2008年金融危机去杠杆之后的金融市场再度加杠杆问题的再度出现。“伴随2017年下半年商品涨势的逐渐消退,投行为了保障收益,短期可能不会降杠杆,因此并不排除下半年投行在商品交易收入继续受损的情况持续。最终会出现投行业务调整和投行之间业务的洗牌。”

Coalition从FICC(固定收益、外汇及大宗商品业务)、Equities(股票)、IBD(投行业务)三大板块对2017年十二家顶级投行进行了排名。数据显示,在全球投行收入排名中,摩根大通稳获第一,高盛和花旗集团并列第二。在固定收益商品业务中,高盛表现出色,收获第一,在股票期权和并购业务中与摩根大通并列第一。花旗集团得益于固定收益业务的出色表现,从2015年的并列第三跻身与高盛并列第二。

大宗商品交易去泡沫

从更深层次原因看,叶燕武分析认为,多家投行“败阵”大宗商品也反映了两个问题:一是全球经济低迷导致的大宗商品市场持续下跌。金融危机后,全球GDP增速持续下降,BDI指数自2008年以后一蹶不振。以美国为代表的发达国家重振经济及复苏制造业需要漫长的过程,对大宗商品的需求减少;以中国为代表的新兴经济体发展增速减缓,中国经济在改革推动下走上经济转型的轨道,对大宗商品的需求增速减缓。然而,全球的大宗商品的供应依然充足,因此全球大宗市场陷入了持续的低迷。二是全球宽松的货币政策逐渐终结,各国政府已经意识到宽松货币政策带来的弊病,并逐步采取紧缩的政策、收紧货币的流动性,货币紧缩时代已经到来,随着美元走强,大宗商品中的泡沫逐渐被挤压。

这是否意味着未来大宗商品交易将转向悲观?

“从大宗商品需求来看,经过近十年的全球经济休整,目前美国经济的走强迹象及新兴经济体的企稳迹象,都使得大宗商品市场的未来不再那么悲观。”叶燕武表示,从大宗商品衍生品交易角度来看,目前国内期货成交量全球领先,且现货业务也在跟进。但从客观来看,中国是大宗商品的贸易大国,但还不是大宗商品的金融大国,大宗商品融资业务实践仍处于初级阶段。伴随国际大投行的退出,中国的银行和经纪商也在抓紧进入这个领域,构建投行业务结构成为不少券商当下的主要任务。

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