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押错方向 “交易之王”高盛大意失荆州

2017-09-18 07:46:38   中国经济网

从宏观角度来看,华泰期货研究院宏观策略研究员宋晨阳表示,“今年上半年,全球主要经济体增长不平衡,如美国强劲复苏,欧洲、日本反复,新兴经济体增长放缓,以及美元指数震荡下跌,CRB指数步入宽幅震荡阶段,这或是投行在投资大宗商品时收入难以提升的原因之一。”

若从对比2017年上半年华尔街投行商品交易收入和商品价格表现来看,宝城期货金融研究所所长助理程小勇认为,大多数投行在二季度遭遇损失,主要是因二季度包括有色、化工和黑色等大宗商品出现明显的下跌,海外投行对商品价格走势过度乐观。

程小勇进一步表示称,商品集体调整但并不是持续暴跌,这意味着投行商品交易可能存在过度杠杆的风险,尤其是2016年商品超预期大涨刺激了机构的冒险行为。

去金融化浪潮席卷

实际上,在曾经共同经历过大宗商品黄金十年之后,不少投行因大宗商品业务低迷,于2014年开始逐步撤离该板块。

“2013年,中国经济调结构,资源消耗性发展模式被放弃,美联储也进入退出量化宽松的讨论期,全球商品市场大幅波动,华尔街投行纷纷撤离大宗商品,全球大宗商品去金融化浪潮正式开始。”叶燕武表示。

例如,2013年摩根士丹利将旗下大部分全球实物石油交易业务出售给俄罗斯最大油企Rosneft。德意志银行也表示,出于监管及利润恶化压力,将退出能源、农业、工业金属和纺织品交易业务。2014年1月,美银美林表示,将出售欧洲电力和天然气销售及交易业务。3月,摩根大通以35亿美元现金出售该行实物大宗商品资产和交易业务,包括全球原油、北美电力、北美天然气、欧洲电力等业务。4月,巴克莱宣布将退出大部分全球大宗商品交易,包括金属、农产品和能源业务。高盛则剥离了金属仓储业务Metro International Trade Services.

目前来看,仍坚守在大宗商品现货业务的大投行只有高盛。在华尔街的投行中,其在大宗商品投资领域的收益多年来已成为“鹤立鸡群”,2009年一度达到34亿美元。然而,今年高盛在原油和天然气交易中铩羽而归,大幅拖累其大宗商品板块收益。

在去年11月底达成OPEC减产协议后,NYMEX原油期货主力合约今年上半年累计跌幅超14%,其中在5月25日发生决定延长减产协议到明年后至6月30日期间,油价跌幅就超过10%。摩根大通资管部门的能源投资主管EbeleKemery表示,油价下跌令大宗商品市场普遍情绪低落,其客户持有大宗商品作为对冲通胀和保持资产多样化的防御型手段,而不是寻求从价格的波动中交易获利。

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