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券商业绩分化格局显现

2017-09-08 07:26:55   中国经济网

上市券商营收下滑且出现分化

非上市券商的业绩表现,同行业整体表现基本吻合。根据28家可比上市券商中报,上半年上市券商实现营业收入1233亿元,同比下降0.4%,实现净利润441亿元,同比下降7.7%。业绩整体下滑主要源于股基成交额的缩减。从上半年市场数据来看,日均股基成交额4757亿元,同比下降17%,带动经纪业务收入下滑。此外,股权再融资、债券承销规模同比下滑。具体到券商而言,分化格局显现,前五大券商净利润同比下降1.06%,业绩表现好于上市券商7.7%的降幅。

国信证券研究报告显示,2017年上半年券商代理买卖证券业务净收入同比下滑31%,主要由成交量、佣金率下滑而致。上半年,日均股基成交额为4757亿元,同比下降17%;上半年行业佣金率由2016年的万分之3.8下滑至万分之3.4,降幅达为 11%。上半年上市券商实现自营投资收益352亿,同比大幅增长 29%,占营业收入比重提升至31%,超过经纪业务成为券商最大收入来源。经纪业务上半年实现收益271亿元,同比下滑27%,占营业收入比重也由2016年全年的29%下降至24%。从综合投资收益率来看,大型券商收益率普遍高于中小型券商。除太平洋外,其他券商均实现正的综合投资收益率。报告认为,由于上半年市场风格切向价值投资,大型券商投资风格普遍以稳健为主,自营投资收益率整体高于中小型券商。

上半年IPO发行常态化,共发行 247 家,发行数量超过去年,募资1166亿元,规模为去年全年的71%,同比增长259%;股权再融资规模为6371亿元,同比下降26%;公司债及企业债承销规模同比下降72%,利率压力下债券发行节奏放缓。上半年,上市券商实现投行业务收入142.29亿元,同比下滑21%。2017年上半年,24家上市券商实现利息净收入133.51亿元,同比增长16.2%,主要源于资本中介业务扩容。

板块个股受追捧

随着A股市场近期回暖,作为强周期性行业,券商类股票近期也越来越受到关注。半年报数据显示,有17家上市券商二季度获证金公司增持。国泰君安、太平洋证券、中国银河三只券商股,二季度末的前十大流通股股东名单中首次出现证金公司的身影。其中,证金公司增持3.34亿股国泰君安,持股比例达到3.83%,成为后者的第三大流通股股东。证金公司对太平洋证券的增持规模及占持股比例则分别为1.1亿股和1.61%,在其流通股股东排名中位居第四。中国银河方面,证金公司二季度也是首次新进,在其前十大流通股股东中同样位列第四,约持有473万股,持股比例0.046%。截至二季度末,证金公司现身上市券商前三大流通股股东的数量增至9家,分别为国泰君安、海通证券、中信证券、方正证券、东兴证券、申万宏源、东方证券、东吴证券和兴业证券。

东吴证券认为,今年5月以来市场情绪回暖,上证指数从3050点左右一路向上突破3350点,蓝筹股的靓丽表现带动市场出现结构性牛市,对券商的业绩和估值均带来催化剂。从资金面来看,金融行业整体估值水平较低,业绩确定性较强,在此市场风险偏好下受到青睐,上半年银行、保险板块均有较好表现,但证券行业在机构持仓中仍然低配。目前券商板块平均PB 1.86倍,其中大券商PB 1.64倍, 估值仍然具有配置价值。

事实上,券商股已然成为近期市场的核心力量。上周,券商板块行业指数一周内大涨6.86%,对大盘突破并站稳3300点起到了至关重要的作用。

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