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俄匈能源合作成果开始显现

2017-09-07 07:22:00   中国青年网

目前,俄匈最重要的经济合作项目是保克什核电站的扩建工程。此次双方重申因欧盟审查而延误22个月的匈牙利保克什核电站扩建工程建设将于2018年1月份开始,意味着双方能源合作成果开始显现。

日前,匈牙利总理欧尔班与俄罗斯总统普京在布达佩斯举行会晤,双方重申因欧盟审查而延误22个月的匈牙利保克什核电站扩建工程建设将于2018年1月份开始,并宣布将在能源和药业等领域继续加强合作。

目前,俄匈最重要的经济合作项目就是保克什核电站的扩建工程。2014年匈牙利政府与俄罗斯签署了扩建保克什核电站协议。根据这一协议,匈俄两国将在保克什核电站的维护和发展方面展开合作,其中包括两台新发电机组的设计、建造、调试和退役。俄罗斯将为保克什核电站的扩建提供100亿欧元信贷。

保克什核电站位于匈牙利中部,是匈牙利唯一的核电站。2013年,保克什核电站发电已占全国电能总量的50%以上。欧盟在今年3月份发表声明,宣布同意匈牙利扩建保克什核电站,称其符合欧盟关于国家补贴的相关规定,认为这一扩建计划涉及的国家补贴数额有限,同时匈牙利政府已承诺采取措施,避免不正当竞争。匈牙利外交与对外经济部部长西亚尔托表示,现在已经没有任何问题可以阻止核电站的扩建工程,工程总投资额为120亿美元。

一直以来,俄匈都谋求在能源领域开展更多合作。欧洲对俄罗斯的能源依赖已久,虽一直主张“能源独立”,但俄罗斯是欧洲天然气主要供应商的地位很难在短期内被撼动,并且俄罗斯一直在谋求扩大对欧洲的能源出口路径。近年来,俄罗斯陆续推动建设“北溪”“南溪”以及“土耳其溪”天然气管道项目,虽然项目途经国家不同,但出口是俄罗斯,入口是欧洲,这点是不会改变的。

今年8月份,美国高票通过《以制裁反击美国敌人法案》,制裁俄罗斯相关机构和个人,此举严重影响俄欧能源合作。在此大背景下,俄罗斯推动加强与匈牙利的能源合作颇有意义。俄罗斯驻匈牙利大使在接受匈牙利媒体采访时曾谈到,俄罗斯支持在匈牙利建立中欧天然气配送中心。目前,匈牙利有近60亿立方米的天然气存储容量,在欧盟位列第五位。匈牙利地理位置上的优势明显,位于欧洲的中心,陆地与欧洲多国相交且地势无较大起伏,具有建设天然气管道的良好条件。

俄罗斯天然气工业股份公司与其欧洲合作伙伴目前正在开发两条管道项目,分别是“北溪”2号天然气管道和“土耳其溪”天然气管道。俄罗斯希望利用经保加利亚、塞尔维亚和匈牙利的天然气管道,把天然气从“土耳其溪”运送到西欧。

西亚尔托说,这条输气线路“应该在2019年底建成”,但这并非一条全新管线,而是对保加利亚、塞尔维亚和匈牙利的天然气网实行现代化,并在某些地段修建新管线。这实际上意味着在匈牙利南部边境要修建一个能接受100亿立方米天然气的基础设施,在确保匈牙利国内消费的基础上向奥地利方向输气。西亚尔托表示,俄匈两国领导人在会晤中没有作出新的决定,仅审查了两国以前签署的协议。尽管如此,两国能源合作成果开始显现。

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