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氢能要抢锂电风口 A股公司加速布局

2017-09-07 07:57:01   新华网

据悉,雄韬股份目前已经完成燃料电池UPS在印度通信基站的安装和调试;同时已经完成燃料电池混动力样车的设计和总装,现处于样车的技术方案验证、定型测试和可靠性试验阶段。此外,在废铝制氢方面,已经完成立项工作,现处于铝制氢与燃料电池系统的技术对接及调试测试阶段。

欧阳洵表示,由于目前成本相对较高、基础配套设施不到位、研发周期较长等原因,燃料电池汽车产业化时机未到。目前燃料电池主要用在公交物流车班车等领域,轿车随后也会跟上,预计到2019年数量会翻一番,超过1万辆。

 技术壁垒亟待突破

侯国友对记者表示:“现阶段燃料电池所面临的主要挑战是成本、寿命和性能。氢燃料的主要成本包括贵金属催化剂、氢质子膜、双电机板等,由于批量化生产不多,所以导致氢燃料的成本要比锂电池贵。其次,燃料电池汽车的寿命离真正使用还有一定距离。”

另一方面,侯国友也补充道:“氢燃料电池功率性不强,也就是瞬间启动的能力不强,从氢燃料启动到电能的转换大概需要10秒左右的延时,这是燃料本身无法解决的问题。目前国外车企通过将氢燃料电池作为主驱动能源,在此基础上加少量锂电,在瞬间启动时使用,再转换至氢燃料电池来解决。”

资料显示,目前世界上最好的氢燃料电池的理论寿命也只停留在8000至10000小时(若按每天工作4小时计算,氢燃料电池的使用时间约为5至6年)。而三元锂电池寿命理论上能达到4000个周期(相当于8至10年)。

此外,氢燃料汽车的发展面临的最主要问题是没有公共服务站。业内人士提出,加氢站的背后,是一整套氢能源生产和运输网络作为支撑,氢气本身的安全问题、加注氢燃料时的安全及操作过程中的安全问题都需要解决好。

国金证券研究报告分析指出,氢气作为新兴能源其实安全应用已经十分成熟。现有的燃料电池车辆安全设计可以有效地解决氢气泄漏问题,并降低汽车剧烈碰撞等各种场合下发生氢气爆炸的可能。与燃油车和锂电池车相比,燃料电池车的安全系数完全不低。

因而,从《能源技术革命创新行动计划(2016年-2030年)》,到《节能与新能源汽车技术路线图》,再到《“十三五”国家战略性新兴产业发展规划》、新能源汽车补贴新政,国家对发展燃料电池汽车提出了具体的规划要求,给予了多方面的支持。

佛山市南海区近日出台了《佛山市南海区促进新能源汽车产业发展扶持办法》,提出加快包含燃料电池汽车在内的新能源汽车产业的发展。

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