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银行资产质量企稳向好

2017-09-06 09:22:12   新华网

 主动加快不良贷款核销

相比较而言,全国性股份制商业银行在不良贷款率上的表现差异较大。其中,浦发银行不良贷款率升至2.09%,不良贷款余额达633.97亿元;关注类贷款余额1158.67亿元,占比3.83%,较去年末上升1个基点。对此,中信建投证券分析师杨荣表示,浦发银行资产质量在恶化,不良率环比大幅回升,估计是事件性因素导致,关注类占比也在回升,逾期贷款占比有所下降,不良生成率在提高。

不良贷款率上升的还有民生银行和华夏银行等。其中,民生银行不良贷款率1.69%,比上年末上升0.01个百分点;平安银行不良贷款率小幅上升至1.76%,较上年末增加0.02个百分点;华夏银行不良贷款率则升至1.68%。

中信银行、招商银行、光大银行等不良贷款率均有所下降。具体来看,截至上半年末,中信银行不良贷款率1.65%,比上年末下降0.04个百分点。招商银行不良贷款率为1.71%,较上年末减少0.16个百分点。光大银行不良贷款率1.58%,较年初下降0.02个百分点。兴业银行不良贷款率1.6%,较年初下降0.05个百分点。

与过去通过贷款重组等方式掩盖不良贷款的做法不同,多家股份制上市银行都正视不良贷款问题,主动加快不良贷款释放,积极核销清收。华泰证券分析师沈娟对平安银行进行深度调研发现,该行2016年专门成立特殊资产管理部门处理公司不良贷款的清收工作,2017年上半年收回不良资产44亿元,同比增长66.52%,其中信贷资产40亿元,包括已核销贷款17.69亿元,现金回收率达90%,其余则采取以物抵债方式收回。此外,公司明显加大贷款核销力度,上半年核销不良贷款188.9亿元,同比增73%。不良资产处置初现成效。

资产质量保持稳定可期

上市银行不良贷款企稳与大环境息息相关。经历2015年不良贷款呈规模暴露后,2016年起不良贷款出现边际企稳迹象。银监会公布,截至2017年二季度商业银行不良贷款率1.74%,环比持平,不良贷款余额1.64万亿元,环比新增563亿元,增量较一季度下降。关注类贷款率3.64%,环比下降13个基点,余额3.4万亿元,环比下降53亿元。关注类贷款率已连续3个季度处下降态势,且二季度实现关注类贷款“双降”,不良贷款整体放缓趋势确立。

那么,银行资产质量改善的趋势能否持续?对此,工商银行董事长易会满表示,目前资产质量企稳向好的信号更加明显,资产质量出现转折的曙光进一步显现。“当前,宏观经济逐步企稳向好的态势比较明朗,这为下半年发展奠定了非常好的基础。尽管还存在一些结构性和新旧动能转换问题,但随着我国各项改革举措的进一步落地,经济增长呈现底部企稳并局部回暖向好的态势,这为银行资产质量改善提供了非常好的外部环境。”

建行副行长章更生对今年以及今后的不良资产较为乐观。他指出,近期最主要暴露的还是落后的制造业以及批发零售业。与此同时,建行在风险防控过程中,贷前、贷中、贷后等各个环节都有较为先进、有效的做法,确保资产质量达到较高水平。

此外,中国银行首席风险官潘岳汉表示,未来资产质量管控压力仍然存在。从国际来看,全球经济复苏存在不确定性,市场预期敏感多变。从国内看,随着供给侧改革深化,过剩产能行业结构调整加快,企业信用风险持续暴露。(钱箐旎)

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