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人民币创下单月升值新纪录 企业预期继续升值

2017-09-03 08:40:52   中国经济网

记者注意到,上半年美元走势较弱,截至8月28日,美元指数由年初的103点高位降至目前的92点附近,跌幅近10%。这在一定程度上也助推人民币汇率的回升。

其次上半年中国经济基本面指标向好,货币政策中性偏紧,支撑人民币汇率企稳。

“上半年我国经济景气上升,GDP增速达6.9%,外贸与投资也稳中向好,供给和需求正在实现良性互动。同时,在中性偏紧的货币政策下,我国市场利率上涨,使得中美利差有所扩大,从而支撑了人民币兑美元升值。”赵雪情说。

再次,人民币汇率形成机制进一步完善,外汇管制措施仍在发挥效果。在国内外基本面支撑下,市场预期逐渐回归理性。同时,人民币中间价形成机制进一步引入逆周期因子,有助于适度对冲市场情绪的顺周期波动。此外,外汇管制措施并未放松,仍在实行之中,在一定程度上支撑了人民币对美元汇率走强。

对于人民币对美元中间价报价商在报价模型中加入逆周期因子,中国外汇交易中心自律机制秘书处解释称,其主要目的是适度对冲市场情绪的顺周期波动,缓解外汇市场可能存在的“羊群效应”。逆周期因子根据宏观经济等基本面变化动态调整,有利于引导市场在汇率形成中更多关注宏观经济等基本面情况,使中间价报价更加充分地反映中国经济运行等基本面因素,更真实地体现外汇供求和一篮子货币汇率变化。

瑞银大中华区首席经济学家汪涛也对记者表示,8月人民币对美元的升值主要源于美元走弱,仅过去两周美元指数下跌幅度就达到1%左右。除了美元因素之外,国内基本面稳健,中美贸易战的风险减弱,严格有效的资本管制措施也有助于支撑人民币汇率。此外,近期人民币对美元汇率收盘价持续强于央行的中间价。

对美元升值预期强烈

渣打银行每月对中小企业进行调研。最新的调研结果显示:日前更多中小企业预期人民币对美元升值。在8月的受访企业中,51%的企业预计短期内人民币对美元汇率将保持不变,7月份持此观点的比例为55.2%。但预计人民币升值的企业占受访企业总数的32%,达到历史新高。

记者获悉,受益于人民币升值,短期内会对航空等进口较多行业的相关企业带来利好。

民生证券认为,对于人民币升值受益最多的标的是航空。供给关系、油价、汇率是影响航空公司业绩的三大因素。由于航空公司有大规模美元负债,所以人民币升值会在汇兑方面产生盈利。该券商还指出,南方航空、东方航空、中国国航在2016年均遭受超30亿元汇兑损失,预计下半年汇兑收益将显著增加,对业绩产生正贡献。

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