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55美元冲关战 寻找原油多头冲锋路线

2017-09-02 07:35:56   中国经济网

付晓芸:近几年来,化工品与油价的相关性在逐渐下降,与新兴路径产能增多,以原油为源头的石化产品产出比例下降有密切关系。不过,原油目前仍占化工产品原料的大头。从成本传导角度来看,当化工品利润非常单薄时,受到油价的驱动影响会更为明显。而近期,化工产品自身以及下游利润都较为良好,在此情况下,在国内需求淡季不淡以及美元走软的情况下,化工产品确实有上涨的驱动和空间,因此,产生了与原油走势的背离。

中期仍可逢低买入

中国证券报:年内主导油价走势的宏观因素有哪些?将会产生怎样的影响?

景川:年内主导油价走势的关键因素分别有:美联储紧缩货币政策的进度、OPEC减产协议后期的执行情况、全球经济形势所影响的油品整体需求。目前看来,全球主要经济体增长前景相对稳定,只要不发生“黑天鹅”事件,油品需求方面预计将保持稳步增长,对油价略有支撑。但在OPEC减产协议执行方面存在较大变数,尼日利亚和利比亚目前仍有一定幅度的增产,不过上述两国未来进一步增产空间有限。OPEC国家主要的增产潜力在沙特和伊拉克,其中沙特作为减产的带头大哥,超出减产配额增产可能性不大,而伊拉克库尔德地区目前政局仍较混乱,短期恢复的可能性亦不大。中期来看,减产协议的履约率维持高位,大幅降低的可能性不大,有助于稳定油价运行区间。而对于美联储年内货币政策的紧缩进度,目前我们仍然相信将在12月再度加息,9月份大概率启动“缩表”后,美元在12月前预计难以有大幅走强表现,对油价并不会造成明显压力。

付晓芸:影响油价走势因素非常复杂,包括宏观因素、供需面因素以及地缘因素等。而不同时期,影响因素的权重也会有所不同。比如,在2011年至2012年,就是宏观因素主导油价,当时宏观变量对于油价的分析意义很大;而去年底,在OPEC时隔8年来首次祭出减产大旗之后,油价走势其实更受供需面影响。今年以来,油价的交易逻辑就是即期的供需面或者对于供需面变化的预期,宏观因素的影响则被后置。简单举例,通常人们认为美元走势与大宗商品走势呈负相关关系,但今年以来,美元与油价则呈现同跌局面,可见,美元走势这种宏观变量其实并不是今年油价走势的主导因素,今年油价走势主要还是受供需面因素影响。

中国证券报:如何把握后市原油投资机会?

景川:原油需求在后市继续保持强势的可能性较大,同时在供给收缩的大背景下,供需缺口约达到50-70万桶/日左右,库存将继续去化,因此对油价持较为乐观的看法,预计进入9月后有望延续偏强运行特征。但能否突破55美元/桶压力位,仍需进一步的利好刺激。近期,市场受Harvey飓风影响,出现较大变动,WTI-Brent贴水继续扩大,汽油裂解价差扩大。供给端来看,Harvey飓风导致德克萨斯炼厂关闭,以及墨西哥湾海上油井和管道关闭,对炼厂的影响大于油井。美国能源信息署(EIA)数据显示,美国原油库存继续下降趋势中,汽油库存也再度下滑。成品油端近月升水幅度再度转强,暗示当期成品油需求仍维持强势,且欧洲的柴油需求有加速迹象,三大地区成品油裂解价差重新扩大。总体上,对未来油价维持偏强运行判断。操作上,维持多头思路。在相关股票、基金等资产上,建议如果前期已入场的投资者可考虑继续持有,如果未入场,建议等待适当调整后逢低买入。

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