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央企降杠杆打响攻坚战 债转股、混改料成看点
2017-09-01 08:16:50 中国经济网
以运营公司为渠道,创新国有资本经营预算资金使用方式,有效充实企业国有资本规模。
中船重工集团表示,将加强对资金密集、资源富集、资产聚集领域的监管,进一步加强股权投资全过程管理和投资风险管控,修订印发《中国船舶重工集团公司投资项目负面清单(2017年版)》和《中国船舶重工集团公司境外投资项目负面清单(2017年版)》等管理办法,制定印发《中国船舶重工集团公司关于推进混合所有制经济的指导意见(试行)》和《中国船舶重工集团公司混合所有制改革工作方案》。对科研院所贸易类业务开展清理排查,严肃查处融资性贸易,要求各科研院所进一步聚焦主业主责,立即全面停止与科研生产无关的贸易业务;对目前手持的各类贸易业务有计划进行“关、停、并、转”,切实维护国有资产安全;对已经开展并形成风险敞口的贸易业务,积极采取措施减少或挽回资产损失;对已发生的资产损失,认真调查核实、严肃追究责任。
中国铁路总公司表示,综合施策,多措并举,有效控制铁路财务风险。一是控制铁路债务总规模,增加直接融资、股权融资,推进分类分层建设,加大土地综合开发力度;二是科学运用金融政策工具,推进铁路提质降本增效,提高金融工具运用水平和资本运作能力,加快推进优质资产资本化、股权化、证券化,持续提高铁路经营质量和效益;三是积极争取和用好国家金融相关政策,充分发挥铁路网络资源和资金中心、银通公司、基金公司、保险公司、财务公司良好信誉等方面的市场优势,密切与金融机构的联系合作,为铁路事业发展创造更为有利的金融政策环境;四是强化对铁路财务金融业务的监管,防范投资收益、流动性和安全性风险,抓住关键环节,完善监管制度,加强过程监控,严格考核问责,切实从管理和制度源头上管控好铁路企业财务风险。五是有序实施铁路企业混合所有制改革和资产资本化。制定《关于发展混合所有制经济的意见》,按照运输企业、非运输企业、混合所有制企业三个类别,推进实施混合所有制改革。稳妥推进铁路企业上市,印发了《控股合资铁路公司开展资产专项支持证券化业务的实施意见》、《关于加强企业上市及上市公司内部信息管理的规定》等文件,研究制定了有关企业资本运营和再融资方案,正在推进落实。积极吸引社会资本投资,推出首批吸引社会资本的示范项目,以市场化方式,吸引更多民间资本进入铁路。按照市场化法治化原则推进企业债转股,选择试点项目,集中力量攻关突破后,努力扩大范围积极推进。
混改和债转股是看点
华泰证券策略分析师戴康认为,国企去杠杆最有效的三种方式分别是混合所有制改革、债转股、破产重组等。其中,对于资产质量较差、盈利能力弱的国有资产可以采用出售、重组的手段实现国有资本的退出;对于由于经济周期等暂时性因素导致的企业短期经营困难、债务负担较重,则主要依赖债转股和混合所有制改革来实现国企去杠杆。混改作为国企去杠杆的主要手段之一,自上而下的推动力有望增强。
广发证券认为,在供给侧改革与国企改革的双重政策共振逻辑下,看好后续配套政策加速出台带来的投资机会。“债转股+供给侧改革”方面,煤炭、钢铁供给侧改革的重心逐步由“去产能”向“去杠杆”转移,有望成为债转股重点落地领域。“债转股+国企混改”方面,市场化债转股有望为混改开辟加速通道。
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