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“保险+期货”服务“三农”更贴心

2017-08-31 09:49:21   中国经济网

“随着投资者对场外期权接受度及应用能力的提升,今年南华期货获批的项目设计中,除了亚式期权,还增加了分段亚式期权、牛熊价差期权和回顾型期权。”浙江南华资本管理有限公司金融衍生品部总监王敏楠表示。

记者在采访中发现,华信期货的橡胶项目方案也提供了亚式期权、亚美式期权以及触碰式期权三个产品,由农户选择最切合其实际需求的产品。而且多数期货公司的“保险+期货”项目产品也进一步提升了针对性和方向性,将客户投保成本、赔付效果、投保作物特性、对冲效率等融入产品设计。

例如,国泰君安期货和浙商期货在橡胶保险产品的设计上加入作物种植周期因素,通过亚式期权均价期的设定,充分考虑作物生长、销售周期对保险效果的影响。据了解,国泰君安期货的橡胶“保险+期货”产品期限设计为覆盖7月至11月,就是基于年中海南将进入割胶季节的考虑。此外,该保险期限设计分成两部分,以更好地应对割胶期间橡胶的价格变动。

在赔付方面,据国泰君安风险管理公司总经理魏峰介绍,为保障胶农在低胶价行情下获得合理理赔,提高其割胶积极性,公司的产品设计条款中引入了分档赔付标准,多个赔付档位形成差异赔付,提高了整体赔付概率。而且在市场价格下跌过程中,价格下跌幅度越大,投保人得到的赔付金额增长也会越快。

记者还了解到,新湖期货的玉米价格险中,上海新湖瑞丰金融服务有限公司在设计产品时也采用了类似的根据结算价格进行阶梯状赔付的方案,一方面实现到期最低赔付款项,覆盖期初农民支付的保费,使农民保本;另一方面农户也可以根据自身情况有所选择,降低总体保险费用。

点价模式定价 增强项目灵活性

值得一提的是,在行权价和期权金的设定上,期货日报记者发现,浙期实业将近几年在现货市场流行的点价方式引入“保险+期货”产品设计。

实际上,从控制风险角度而言,期货公司自与保险公司签约起就需要在期货市场建仓对冲。一般而言,期权价格在项目调研阶段已经确定,而在该时间节点,最终农业保险的销售时点和销售量却都还未确定。“保险+期货”项目的具体操作中,保险公司完成出具保单的流程需要一定时间,而且保险公司和农户之间沟通、统一行权价也需要一段时间,从保险公司签约到保单出具有时会长达几个月。在此期间随着市场行情变动,期权价格会较之前预算价格有所变化。对此,部分公司通过采用亚式期权降低期权总体的费用。

在今年大豆项目的保价设定上,浙期实业创新性地尝试引入点价方式。“确定目标价格后,如果盘面价格出现很大波动,期货公司与保险公司签约时约定的期权权利金在出具保单时候可能就不再是合理的价格了。”浙期实业衍生品管理部总监许彬彬告诉记者,这给后期期货公司对冲价格风险以及与农户沟通带来很多问题。

他表示,使用点价方式能够降低各方沟通成本,缩短整个项目的中间周期。相对于固定的行权价,期货公司可以在报价上有更大的空间,降低了因市场波动对行权价进行调整的时间成本,期货公司在场外业务开展中有更多的主动性,也为确定期权金留出了更多精力和时间,有利于更好地对期权定价和对冲风险。对于客户而言,这意味着其投保价格(行权价)可以随着现货价格的上涨而提高,更好地保障其自身利益。

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