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洋河与古井贡明争暗战:互挖墙脚 终端市场互置产品

2017-08-29 09:23:37   中国经济网

新京报记者梳理发现,洋河股份正在“加快推进深度全国化的布局”,而古井贡酒也屡次作出“推进全国化布局”的表述。

2016年,古井贡酒在华中地区的营业收入达到52.86亿元,作为主要销售区域的安徽、河南及湖北市场占其总营业收入的87.84%;而在华南和华北地区,营收则分别仅占6.38%和5.75%。同期洋河的营收数据显示,其在江苏省内营收为94.54亿元,占总营收的55.02%;而省外市场则占44.98%。

由此可见,双方的大部分营收均来自本土市场,但对比发现,洋河在大本营之外收入更为可观,接近总营收半数。

一方面受到全国一线酒企市场下沉压力,另一方面受到本省其他酒企夹击,古井贡在大本营感受到重重压力。据媒体报道,洋河目前在安徽的销售额已超过10亿元,徽酒龙头企业古井贡为了巩固其在本地的市场地位,正在“阻击”外来竞争者洋河的强力“进攻”。

尽管洋河的营收规模是古井贡的几倍,但两者销售费用却不相上下。2015年和2016年度,洋河股份销售费用分别为18.82亿元和18.69亿元;而古井贡为15.58亿元和19.80亿元,一年内涨幅达27.11%,费用金额反超洋河,其在营销方面发力之大可见一斑。

在销量方面,2016年度洋河白酒销售量从2015年的20.91万吨下降为19.82万吨,古井贡则由2015年的7.18万吨上涨为8.16万吨。

正一堂战略咨询机构董事长杨光分析指出,目前这两家酒企产品价格带基本相近,经营模式和市场操作方法相似,又同时瞄准全国市场,河南、安徽、江苏及湖北等区域均成为双方的战场,自然在交叉区域打起了“遭遇战”。

白酒营销专家肖竹青在接受新京报记者采访时表示,茅台、五粮液代表“面子酒”具有较强的市场号召力。而古井贡、洋河等二线品牌和区域名酒彼此替代性很强,同质化严重,没有消费忠诚度,因此在终端互换产品、搞恶性竞争时有发生。

  行业

  区域酒企竞争白热化

新京报记者对比发现,2016年洋河股份营收和净利涨幅分别为7.04%和8.61%;而古井贡则达到14.54%和15.94%。

在洋河股份8月28日发布的2017年半年报中,其营收和净利分别增长13.12%和14.51%;古井贡8月26日最新披露的2017上半年业绩报告显示,其营收和净利涨幅再次攀升至20.53%和27.34%。

“目前整个行业增长率只有10%左右,有些酒厂增长高于此,可能就是挖的对手下滑部分。”肖竹青表示,白酒市场份额正在向强势品牌集中,未来像洋河与古井贡这种互挖墙脚的恶性竞争还会层出不穷。

近几年,伴随白酒行业的深度调整,一线名酒逐级向下渗透,二、三线酒企面临巨大挑战,在地盘的“守”与“攻”中冲突愈加激烈。

酒业评论员、海纳机构总经理吕咸逊分析,中国酒业竞争的新格局是“区域竞争全国化,全国竞争区域化”。随着茅台、五粮液等一线品牌延伸对系列酒的布局,省级区域的竞争已从过去的省级龙头企业间的竞争,转为全国性品牌和省级龙头企业间的混合竞争,进一步加剧区域市场竞争的激烈性。

正一堂战略咨询机构董事长杨光则认为,诸如抢夺渠道、抢占铺面甚至在终端互换产品等“互挖墙脚”的恶性竞争不值得提倡。“生产出更好的产品,在消费者服务体验上进一步提升,才是酒企应努力的方向。”

来源:新京报作者:王叔坤

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