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七夕送999朵玫瑰不如送1家上市公司!最低或只需1亿3

2017-08-28 07:36:50   中国经济网

看起来,最低只要1.3亿元就差不多能“买下一家上市公司”了,但实际情况却远没有这么简单。有时候,第一大股东就是控股股东;有时候,不是第一大股东但通过缔结一致行动人关系等方式同样可以成为控股股东,甚至一分钱不花、只需被委托足够的表决权就能成为控股股东。在这种情况下,很难说最低多少钱就能“买下一家上市公司”。

那么,要怎么“买下一家上市公司”呢?

最直接的当然是“控制权转让”。去年A股的控制权转让可谓如火如荼,当年年底,中国证券报记者特意去江浙一带采访了曾是一家上市公司董秘,并成功操刀过控股权转让交易的刘刚(化名),当时他正被新老板高薪请去,准备导演一出新的控制权转让资本大戏。

当时,他跟中国证券报记者讲述了寻找目标公司的思路。

首先设置几项硬指标,比如控股股东持股比例高、净资产15亿元以下、市值50亿元以下、过去三年没被证监会立案调查,这样就能筛选出一个初步名单。此外,控股股东转让控股权的意愿强,或者有个人财务方面的迫切需求,符合这些条件的往往是我们首先接触的对象。

“控制权转让”往往有很高的溢价率。刘刚指出,“其实溢价率并不是最重要的,重要的是协议转让价格所对应的市值,我的心理上限是60亿元”,并购研究机构并购汪当时对去年的30个控制权协议转让案例进行统计也发现,虽然协议转让的价格从折价50%到溢价200%不等,但是协议转让价格对应的上市公司市值中位数稳定在62.46亿元。

当然,A股也存在仅花费1万元就斩获一家上市公司控制权的例子。

据媒体报道,2015年11月23日,烜卓投资以唯一普通合伙人/执行事务合伙人的身份设立合伙企业烜卓发展,并通过受让博信股份原实控人杨志茂所持有的3240万股股份成为博信股份的控股股东,烜卓发展的实控人石志敏成为上市公司新的实控人,占公司总股本的14.09%。

资料显示,烜卓发展注册资本8.0001亿元,烜卓投资认缴出资1万元,烜卓投资由石志敏100%控股。尽管出资额只有1万元,但作为执行事务合伙人的烜卓投资有权自行作出投资决策,在烜卓发展对所投资的公司行使股东权利时,由烜卓投资及其委托代表石志敏全权处理,无需取得其他合伙人的同意。由此,石志敏仅靠1万元便拿下了博信股份的控股权。

另一种方式是通过二级市场竞价交易或大宗交易的方式“买下一家上市公司”。8月25日晚间,新大洲A就公告称,富立澜沧江十四号私募投资基金直接持有新大洲4.83%的股份,此次拟通过大宗交易受让林忠峰持有的新大洲500万股股份,持股比例将升至5.44%,构成举牌。

不过,富立澜沧江十四号私募投资基金称,不谋求新大洲A第一大股东地位和上市公司控制权。但是,很多举牌还是冲着“买下一家上市公司”去的,甚至暗中布局的也不在少数。最近举牌成都路桥和四环生物的宏义嘉华和王洪明便均被怀疑与公司股东存在一致行动人关系,并因此收到了交易所的关注函。

今年以来,A股举牌潮依旧热烈,据中国证券报记者不完全统计,截至目前,市场已出现近56起举牌事件,涉及41家上市公司。简单看一下5月以来的举牌情况:

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