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上市公司股权争夺暗生变局 监管层紧盯“蒙面合伙人”

2017-08-25 07:36:22   中国经济网

王洪明也否认一致行动关系存在。他表示,对照《上市公司收购管理办法》第(五)、(六)条,本人不存在上述条款所规定的情形:向本人提供融资安排的阳光集团不存在持有四环生物股份的情形;本人未向陆宇及其他四环生物的股东融资,与陆宇及其他四环生物的股东之间不存在合伙、合作、联营等其他经济利益关系;收购四环生物股份的行为出自本人意愿,不存在代持的情形。

“‘蒙面举牌’虽然比较隐秘,但可以通过开户信息、交易IP等渠道对一致行动人关系进行查证;相较而言,‘蒙面合伙人’更加明显,通过股权等关系就能看出股东之间的关联性,但往往难以判定。像王洪明那样,完全可以对照着《上市公司收购管理办法》对于一致行动人关系的认定绕开监管。”接近监管层的人士告诉中国证券报记者。

上述人士表示,一致行动人关系的认定本身就比较难,虽然很多当事人不承认一致行动人关系,甚至可以对照规定自证清白。但是,监管层并非无计可施,一方面,交易所可以通过“刨根问底式”问询,不断追问,直到当事人露出马脚;另一方面,如有必要,可以通过稽查力量,从资金来源等方面进行认定。

存违法违规风险

“‘蒙面合伙人’有违法违规的风险。比如,根据《上市公司收购管理办法》,持股超过30%,既可以选择要约收购,也可以继续适用‘爬行条款’,每年增持不超过2%,直至达到50%以上,而通过‘蒙面合伙人’完全可以规避这一规定。”上述接近监管层的人士告诉中国证券报记者。

虽然很多“蒙面合伙人”否认一致行动人关系的存在,但仍有“图穷匕见”的可能。2015年,三次暗中举牌后与康达尔摊牌的牛散林志与康达尔实控人的股权争夺战开打,后者随即增持反击,而京基集团随后也通过增持案中布局,最后,此前还否认与林志存在关联关系的京基集团与林志签订《一致行动人协议》,康达尔股权争夺战随之升级。

即使一时隐瞒了一致行动关系,但在投票表决等过程中露出马脚,也难免遭到监管层严查。此前,上交所就曾披露过相关案例,称发现某公司部分股东在股东大会投票表决时,对选举董事的表决高度一致。通过进一步核查,上交所发现,上述股东在工商登记信息、开户营业部、交易IP地址等多个方面存在关联性,其一致行动关系嫌疑较大。

实际上,隐瞒一致行动人关系的违规行为一直是监管层监察重点。去年6月24日,上交所在例行新闻发布会上通报上市公司一线监管的新动向就指出,针对市场上出现的新情况和监管的新要求,上交所继续运用“刨根问底”式监管问询手段,着重加大对四类行为的监管力度,其中之一便是严查上市公司股东隐瞒一致行动关系的违规行为。监管层对隐瞒一致行动关系违规行为的查处力度一直有增无减。

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