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逾900亿客户备付金“入表” 支付机构利息收入面临冲击

2017-08-24 07:12:24   中国经济网

此外,许多支付机构通过扩大客户备付金规模赚取利息收入,偏离了提供支付服务的主业,一定程度上造成支付服务市场的无序和混乱,破坏了公平竞争的市场环境,也违背了央行许可其开展业务的初衷。

为纠正和防止支付机构挪用、占用客户备付金,保障客户资金安全,引导支付机构回归业务本源,央行于今年1月印发《中国人民银行办公厅关于实施支付机构客户备付金集中存管有关事项的通知》(以下简称《通知》),明确支付机构应将部分客户备付金交存至指定机构专用存款账户,首次交存的平均比例为20%左右,最终将实现全部客户备付金集中存管。

董希淼向《每日经济新闻》记者指出,“集中存管后,会让整个支付行业发展更加健康、平稳、规范。支付机构业务模式要转变,不是靠备付金利差维系发展,而是需要回归到支付业务的本源,丰富支付的场景,提升客户的体验,从这些方面努力,进而来吸引客户,这也与全国金融工作会议要求金融回归本源是一致的。”

用户资金更安全

值得注意的是,《通知》要求支付机构将客户备付金按照一定比例交存至指定机构专用存款账户,该账户资金暂不计付利息。

多名支付行业从业人员告诉《每日经济新闻》记者,支付机构此前一直是把客户备付金存放在银行里面的,会产生一些利息收入,但由于交存一定比例的客户备付金并不计付利息,支付机构就损失一部分收入。

某支付行业业内人士表示,支付机构没有了这部分利息收入,肯定是要受影响的,特别是对于一些小的支付机构的影响非常直接,这些小的机构盈利本来就少,失去备付金利息收入后,受到的影响也挺大。从现在按照一定比例存管,到以后慢慢实现全部存管,央行实行集中存管能够起到规范行业发展的作用,因为接触资金的支付行业确实是存在一些灰色操作行为,是需要监管的。

某前支付行业从业人员认为,备付金之前存放在银行里面是有一定利息收入的,但进入备付金账户后,就不会产生利息收入,因此会导致支付机构的收益减少,甚至是比较大的影响。对于一些大的支付机构来说,高额的备付金产生的利息收入是比较多的。在监管趋严后,尤其是实行客户备付金集中存管后,之前那些利用客户备付金进行理财投资的支付机构,收益减少得更多。但对于用户来说,资金更安全了,不会被随意挪用。

董希淼也表示,“备付金利息是应该归属于客户,备付金是客户备付金,所有权属于客户,但在实际的操作中,却被支付机构占用。支付机构要加快业务转型,回归到支付业务的本源上来,而不是靠吃利差、挪用、占用备用金进行投资理财,来维持自己的生存发展。”

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