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京沪高铁350公里时速博弈

2017-08-23 10:44:25   中国经济网

东航集团公司总经理刘绍勇此前接受媒体采访时曾表示,500公里的旅程高铁占有优势,800公里的旅程高铁会分流20%-30%的乘客,1000公里到1200公里,高铁会分流15%到20%的乘客。

经济导报记者发现,东航、国航、南航在2016年年报中也提到了高铁带来的竞争冲击。南方航空直言不讳,公司与高铁网络重合的航线,特别是800公里以下的航线的经营业绩在未来将受到一定冲击。

中国国航则表示,高铁确实会带来分流作用,但公司中短程航线比重在同行业中占比最低。从中长期来看,空铁联运将成为打造国际枢纽的有力支撑。

“最大的影响可能是,易受雨雪天气较多的夏季、冬季会分流部分乘客。”东方航空营销委负责人告诉经济导报记者,京沪高铁对京沪航线的分流在过去几年中早就完成了。京沪高铁时速提高50公里,运行时间缩短到4个多小时,对于京沪航线而言,影响非常小,分流客源也很有限。

该负责人透露,为减少或者避开竞争最为激烈的1000公里以下的航线,即高铁“3小时出行圈”范围,东航近年来加快开通和增开高铁未覆盖航线、国内长航线以及国际和地区航线。“向远飞”的东航国际和地区航线数量占比已经接近50%。同时提升舒适度,东航京沪航线机型基本是清一色的宽体空客A330,中间有两班用新进的波音777-300ER。

“京沪线旅客资源较好,金银卡等高端旅客占比较高,公商务旅客具备一定的客户黏性,也会弱化高铁提速后的替代效应。”该负责人表示。

事实上,由于客流量充足,除东航外,占据京沪线航班的30%市场的国航也将波音747-400、波音747-800、波音777-300ER、空客A330等机型都投入到京沪航线上,提升旅客体验。

华泰证券股份有限公司分析师沈晓峰则认为,最新京沪航线座位数占比显示,东方航空50%、中国国航32%、南方航空7%、吉祥航空2%,考虑到京沪线利润率高,预计占东方航空和中国国航的利润比重至少10%。

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