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银行资金“脱实向虚”势头初步遏制 同业业务7年来首缩

2017-08-21 17:50:09   中国经济网

同业链条缩短

有助降低融资成本

目前,银行业治理乱象已取得一定成果这点在同业业务收缩上表现较为明显。

采取综合治理措施以后,银行业主动压缩表外规模,部分表外资金转回表内。制造业贷款增速由负转正,二季度末,银行业制造业贷款同比增长一个多百分点,银行资金更多地流向以制造业为代表的实体经济。

数据上看,隔夜回购占比大幅下降、同业业务收缩、表外业务收缩。隔夜回购占比下降,反映市场加杠杆行为减少,银行间质押式回购金额中,隔夜占比从2016年4-8月的90%高位,下降至2017年2月以来的80%水平;表外业务收缩,2017年1月表外融资规模12441亿,占比社会融资规模33%,但7月表外融资规模已经转负,占比为-0.05%。

委托贷款同比明显少增。截至6月末,委托贷款增加5988亿元,比上年同期少增4477亿元。“委托贷款现在我们自发性的已经做得很少了,基本上委托贷款就是一种手段,以前很多是资管计划没有放贷资质,找银行过一道。”某股份行对公人士表示。

此外,贷款增速仍较为强劲,且结构也在发生变化。2017年以来,月度贷款增量均在万亿元以上,上半年增量和6月份增量还是历史同期最高水平。这还是没有考虑地方平台存量贷款置换等因素影响的前提下,否则实际贷款会增加更多。数据显示,今年上半年,个人贷款余额同比增长23.9%,非金融企业及政府贷款余额同比增长8.5%,非金融机构贷款同比则下降了19.7%

种种迹象表明,银行今年的“资产回表”趋势明显。今年明显项目满地,但资金紧张。

除了政策方面有意降低地方政府和房地产行业的负债率,还有一个不容忽视的因素是银行“流动性紧张”。数据显示,6月非金融企业及其他部门贷款加权平均利率为5.67%,同比上升0.41个百分点。其中,一般贷款加权平均利率为5.71%,票据融资加权平均利率为5.39%。个人住房贷款利率6月加权平均利率为4.69%。

银行头寸紧张和为了维护银行自身流动性的关系密切。某国有大行人士透露,该行上半年司库亏损超预期,特别是为了MPA和LCR达标付出了很高的成本。

虽然今年资金价格明显上涨,贷款利率随之有所上行,对于实体经济而言,直接来看融资成本有所提高。不过,长期看来,同业链条的缩短将有利于实体融资成本的控制。

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