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联通混改方案为何获证监会特批?

2017-08-21 17:48:48   中国经济网

混改有哪些亮点?

根据《公告》,中国联通拟向战略投资者非公开发行不超过约90.37亿股股份,募集资金不超过约617.25亿元;由联通集团向结构调整基金协议转让其持有的本公司约19.00亿股股份,转让价款约129.75亿元;向核心员工首期授予不超过约8.48亿股限制性股票,募集资金不超过约32.13亿元。上述交易对价合计不超过约779.14亿元。

也就是说,中国联通混改主要由三部曲构成:即定向增发新股、转让旧股以及员工激励。

中国企业改革与发展研究会副会长周放生接受国是直通车记者采访时表示:“增资扩股是蛋糕做大,企业增加了可支配资金。存量转让是重新切蛋糕,原股东收回资金。两种方式用途不同,本质是一样的,这是一大亮点。”

此外,控股地位的变化也值得关注。根据目前的方案,交易完成后,联通集团对中国联通A股的持股比例将从原来的63.7%降低到36.7%。

周放生指出:“联通集团从绝对控股的地位降到相对控股的地位,改变了人们认为央企混改必须绝对控股的误解,同时有利于形成利益和权力的相互制衡和相互监督。”

同样值得关注的还有董事会组成结构上的变化。根据混改方案,公司将适当引入新的国有股东和非国有股东代表担任公司董事。

周放生认为,这一改变有利于董事会多元股东的决策者在董事会中发挥作用,使董事会的决策更加科学化和合理化。

另外,在员工激励上,联通也做出较大的突破。

“根据混改方案,持股的员工集中在核心员工,他们对企业发展有直接的影响力,并且限制性股票的激励计划使得员工在几年之内不能将股票变现,使员工的利益与企业的利益在限制期内紧密联系在一起。”周放生指出。

联通能否扳回一局?

8月16日,中国联通的子公司联通运营公司在北京分别与腾讯、百度网讯、京东世纪贸易、阿里巴巴等合作方,以书面方式签署了战略合作框架协议。

据悉,重点合作领域有零售体系、渠道触点、内容聚合、家庭互联网、支付金融、云计算、大数据、物联网等。这些公司与中国联通主业关联度高、互补性强,

项安波表示:“由于引入了相关战略投资者和规模化资金,联通在4G/5G、大数据、互联网+等领域的竞争实力将有望增强。”

有通信业内人士认为,中国联通在传统的移动通信业务上陷入被动,在和中国移动、中国电信的竞争中不具备优势,未来可以通过与互联网企业的合作获得大发展。

不过,独立电信分析师付亮指出,联通短期内仍难与竞争对手抗衡,尤其是中国移动。希望5G出发时不落后,固网劣势能尽快有所改变。

作为老牌国企,中国联通如何与高度市场化的民营企业融合,是其今后必须面对的一大难点。

周放生指出:“两个体制之间怎么能够做到优势互补,形成协调的运行机制是最大的难点。包括股东会、董事会、经理层的运转,这都是前所未有的。这次混改能否取得预期的效果,关键就在这里。”

作为唯一一家集团整体混改的试点公司,中国联通已经迈出了重要的一步。

项安波表示:“如果经过一段时间的试点,联通混改成效良好,那么可以对移动和电信形成可借鉴的经验。但在此之前或短期内,移动和电信不大可能推进相近层面和类似力度的混改。”

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