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员工持股变了味 看它怎么沦为上市公司“接盘侠”

2017-08-04 10:16:29   中国经济网

此外,员工持股计划正逐渐成为上市公司进行市值管理的工具,也是今年员工持股热情不减的原因之一。“今年很多上市公司二级市场股价表现低迷,有上市公司为了拉抬股价,就配合设立员工持股计划。”该私募人士介绍,以前员工持股比较受投资者追捧,一出台就往往会吸引投资者买入,带动股价上涨,因此成为上市公司进行市值管理的重要工具。

“现在有公司纯粹为了市值管理而发起员工持股计划,已经逐渐偏离了员工持股的本意。”中国人民大学商法研究所所长刘俊海教授认为,员工相比普通投资者天然具有信息优势,尤其是公司高管,仅为拉抬股价而滥用员工持股对普通投资者并不公平,“一旦公司因业绩下滑等因素导致股价大跌,受损的不仅是公司员工,还有广大投资者。”

让员工受益理念不能变 

除了充当大股东减持套现的接盘工具,以及上市公司市值管理工具以外,员工持股还是不少上市公司定增募资的资金渠道。如华光股份在吸收合并无锡国联环保能源集团有限公司的定增方案中,发行对象就包括公司2016年员工持股计划,包括高管在内的1174名员工合计认购了855.67万股,总金额1.18亿元;高盟新材6月底完成的发行股份购买资产并配套融资的并购中,定增融资的对象之一就是公司的员工持股计划,共向员工融资1.12亿元。

“目前定增市场洗牌仍在继续,随着参与机构的减少,上市公司定增募资的难度将会加大,预计员工持股计划以后会越来越多的成为上市公司募资的对象。”上述券商投行人士认为,员工更了解公司情况,因此对一些较好的项目往往参与热情较高。但随着定增定价套利空间的慢慢消失,如何让员工持股不被套将成为很多上市公司要认真考虑的问题。

“一直以来,不少二级市场投资者视员工持股计划的持股价为重要的投资参考,其逻辑是上市公司不会轻易让自己的员工亏钱,否则持股计划将失去激励意义。”前述私募人士介绍,所以不少投资者认为,只要买入价接近或低于员工持股价,就有可能搭上牛股顺风车,“但从今年至今逾五成员工持股被套来看,员工持股计划‘造富机器’的光环正在褪色。”

“这也是投资者逐渐恢复理性的结果,当员工持股被越来越滥用后,自然也会遭到市场‘用脚投票’。”该人士表示。

刘俊海教授指出:员工持股计划的初衷是通过员工持股,激发员工工作热情,增强企业凝聚力,让员工真正参与公司成长并共享成长利益。但从目前情况来看,员工持股计划确实已经变了味道,投资者需要更加理性看待,监管部门也应加强监管,让员工持股回归应有之义。

深市某上市公司董秘表示:未来员工持股仍将是许多上市公司将会采用的激励方式,只不过目的可能更加复杂而已。不管员工持股目的再怎么复杂,让员工受益应该是众多上市公司不会改变的理念,这从很多大股东给员工持股计划兜底就看得出来。

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