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货运从业资格调整遭遇“中梗阻”

2017-07-04 09:52:15   经济参考报

不少受访业内专家表示,类似道路运输从业资格与驾驶证交叉以及计算机水平重复考试认证的现象,是当前职业资格设置中存在的突出问题。职业资格重复交叉设置,管理“政出多门”,出现一个行业设置有多项职业资格情况,以及被取消的职业资格“死灰复燃”的情况,背后有多方面原因:

——部门条块分割严重。目前,大货车司机面临的双重职业资格中,驾驶证归公安部门负责,道路运输从业资格则归交通部门。

长期关注职业资格的北京盈科(武汉)律师事务所律师张绍明说,大部分职业资格,尤其是本质为行政许可的准入类职业资格,设立初衷是为加强职业队伍建设,但最终出现争相设置,各管一摊,相互割据现象,出现同一个职业领域,面对不同部门业务时需要重复考职业资格等问题。

——缺乏职业资格互认。现行不少重复的职业资格中,不少是因针对干部与工人身份不同,而在同一领域设置的不同职业资格考试。比如全国专业技术人员计算机应用能力考试,考试对象为需要评定职称的干部身份群体,过去由人事部负责;而计算机操作员职业资格针对工人身份群体,由原劳动部负责。

有业内人士表示,职业资格重复设置的背后有历史原因,但长期未能清理合并,折射出职业资格管理仍然存在计划经济思维。随着人事制度、养老保险等政策改革推进,干部与工人身份区别已日趋淡化,而相关重复的职业资格合并、互认等工作却未能跟上。

——培训考试利益驱动。设立职业资格,就意味着可通过考试等方式获益。海口市室内装饰装修行业协会之前制定的培训资格收费标准中,“装饰项目经理”每个收费1800元,“室内设计师”每个收费2000元。按一个小型企业需要1个设计师和2个项目经理证计算,仅此就需要支付近6000元。

据业内专家测算,根据去年全国3000多万人参与职业资格考试保守测算,中央考试单位从中收取的考务费至少就有数十亿元,此外还有教辅、培训等方面高额收益。

在利益驱动下,部门机构违规设立职业资格情况也屡见不鲜。审计署公告显示,工信部下属信息中心未经批准,在2013年至2014年自行组织职业技能培训和考试,并发放其自行印制的职业技能证书,共收取培训费213.70万元。

交叉职业资格亟待整合

业内人士称,通过目录清单来清理规范职业资格,有助于使职业资格设置更加透明,置于公众监督之下,改变过去一些职能部门出台“红头文件”,就设立职业资格的做法,从源头上规范职业资格管理。

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