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夏粮丰收新粮往哪里放成难题 收储瓶颈怎么破?

2017-06-11 16:20:51   

但整体满足需求不代表收储无忧,局部地区仓容紧张问题可能困扰各产粮区。

在小麦主产区安徽省宿州市,埇桥区汇谷粮油购销有限公司西寺坡分公司负责人表示,“根据今年的小麦生产形势和质量监测,我们公司周边农民新小麦的产量约8000万斤,容重、水分等指标都不错,基本上都能符合托市收购条件。”但是,“尽管公司仓容超5000万斤,但里面装有大量陈粮,今年仅能提供空仓容1000多万斤,仓容很紧张,托市收购有压力。”

《瞭望》新闻周刊记者从安徽省粮食局获悉,从各地上报情况看,目前全省各地现有空仓容、夏粮收购期间能够投入使用新建仓容约535万吨,基本能够满足农民售粮需求,但阜阳、亳州、宿州等局部地区仓容偏紧。

安徽省粮食部门相关负责人表示,近几年,安徽省连续启动小麦托市收购,而政策性粮食销售不畅,粮食“进多出少”,导致库存不断增加、屡创新高。加上空仓分布不均等因素影响,安徽省夏粮收购仓容缺口50万吨左右,主要集中在阜阳、亳州等地区,仓容矛盾突出。

本刊记者在湖北等地采访了解到,湖北省有效仓容总体能满足托市收购仓容需求。但是,部分地区还存在托市库点分布不均衡和仓容不足问题,有的主产乡镇会出现空白点,造成农民售粮不便。如随州市的大部分乡镇没有国有空仓容,定点存在一定的困难。

山东省粮食局局长杨丽丽也表示,山东省可用空仓总体虽能满足收储需求,但存在地区分布和结构不合理问题。虽不至于出现“卖粮难”,但很可能会增加农民的卖粮成本。

在即将迎来早籼稻收获季节的“全国水稻第一大省”湖南,在连续4年8次启动托市收购后,当地粮食局有关负责人表示,所有合乎条件,或者基本达标的国有库点能用则用,目前仓容已经高度紧张。“今年早稻收购库容总体问题不大,但是常德、株洲、湘潭、衡阳等粮食主产区的仓容缺口较大,部分农民可能需要远距离售粮。”

资料图。王登峰 摄

“托市”预期加剧仓储压力

通过市场化收购,充分发挥粮食加工“调节器”作用,让粮食快速进入加工转化环节,而不是进入仓库积压,是解决仓容紧张的有效办法之一。

多名业内人士指出,虽然各地政府精心组织市场化收购,引导粮食企业和种粮农民打破“吃政策饭”的惯性思维,督促国有粮食企业带头开展自营收购,引导多元主体积极入市。但在目前政策背景下,托市预期强烈,大量粮食通过政策收购进入粮库依然是主渠道。“随着新麦大量上市,部分加工企业为获取成本较低的小麦,会加大对新麦的收购力度,但基于各方面因素,大面积启动托市的可能性依旧较大。”一名多年关注粮食市场的专家表示。

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