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“蛟龙”号将下潜世界最深海沟 这些值得关注

2017-05-22 16:26:27   

  下潜和作业过程怎样——作业种类多、驾驶颇不易

“蛟龙”号从“向阳红09”船甲板布放到水中后,“蛙人”解下主吊缆和拖曳缆,潜航员完成潜水器水面检查、得到下潜许可后,潜水器压载水箱注水下潜。

下潜过程中,需要关注下潜速度、阻力、接地等数值,1000米、2000米潜水器功能检查。在离底合适高度抛弃下潜压载,均衡调整,复核潜水器的各系统功能。

到达预定下潜深度后开始作业,拍摄海底生物和海底地形地貌视频、照片,采集多参数环境数据。同时,视情况采集生物、底层非保压海水、底层保压海水、沉积物和岩石样品,直至作业结束、选择远离作业点位置抛弃上浮压载,返回水面。

水下作业时,3名下潜人员需密切关注潜水器各系统运行情况。驾驶潜水器与开车一样要关注“路况”,不同的是它四面悬空航行,右操作杆前进后退、左转右转,左操作杆是上浮下潜,操作有些难度。近底航行时,左右舷人员需密切关注观察周围环境,适时为主驾驶提供路径规划参考。同时,左舷副驾驶还需负责与水面的通讯联络,以及舱内氧气、温度和湿度等相关情况的监控。

 完成哪些任务——采样、摄像、测量

因为是工程潜次,首先需要确认潜水器工作状态,对所有功能参数进行全面测试,验证潜水器机械手、高清摄像等作业工具的技术性能。同时,近底观察、航行拍摄海底生物和地形地貌特征;使用多参数传感器进行环境参数测量。

此外,是各种采样:对Gas-tight(保压)采水器进行功能验证并取样;用8升采水器采集近底层海水样品;视情况用“蛟龙”号的机械手采集巨型底栖生物和岩石样品,用Pushcore(插管)采集沉积物样品。

做到了这些,就既确认了潜水器工作状态、验证了“蛟龙”号技术性能,为接下来的大深度下潜顺利进行奠定了基础,也对马里亚纳海沟水下4800米左右的海底世界有了一个较详细调查。

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