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银监会出台政策补短板:银行理财监管套利空间将收窄

2017-05-10 10:48:05   

  强化穿透式管理

对于银行理财业务,监管部门要求严控嵌套投资,强化穿透管理,不得简单将理财业务作为各类资管产品的资金募集通道;严格控制杠杆,防范资金在金融体系内自我循环。

董希淼说,银行用理财资金去购买另一家银行的理财产品或用自有资金购买本行发行的理财产品等,致使资金脱实向虚在金融体系内部自我循环;在嵌套投资方面,用银行理财产品对接资管计划或委外投资,资金经过层层嵌套,将资金投向资质较差、无法通过正规渠道申请到贷款的企业等,延长融资链条,规避监管部门对底层资产的核查等。目前机构监管理念下的分业分段式监管模式,难以对这种嵌套投资的理财产品进行整体性监管。

对于银行理财产品穿透管理,业内人士认为,一是要穿透识别最终投资者是否为合格投资者;二是要穿透识别产品投资标的是否符合投资范围等监管标准。

董希淼说,银行业金融机构自身应该突出主业,实现由“资金中介”向“服务中介”转型,减少监管套利业务模式。近期银监会接连出台监管政策,意在补齐监管短板。比如,在弥补银行业监管制度短板工作项目中,《商业银行理财业务监督管理办法》等16项为制定类项目。此外,还需加强监管协调,统一监管标准,消除监管套利空间。

在“穿透式”监管政策的要求下,银行理财产品将更多转向开放式净值型产品,逐步回归资产管理本源。王丽娟说,在银行理财结构方面,随着监管政策的实施,未来银行理财的监管套利空间逐步收窄,同业理财类产品增速也将有所放缓。

  着力保护金融消费者

日前,民生银行的“假理财”事件引起广泛关注。虽然在规范银行理财业务方面,监管部门以及各银行都有相关规定,但违规、误导销售以及理财“飞单”等情况依然屡见不鲜。

董希淼说,银行理财业务在信息披露以及投资者分层管理等方面还存在一些不足。比如,信息披露不完整、不详细或有意隐瞒,不明确披露理财资金的投向和比例,投资者很难了解所购买产品的真实风险,且宣传时喜欢“报喜不报忧”。

针对上述问题,监管部门明确要求提高金融产品信息披露水平。银行业金融机构要以消费者是否能充分理解产品作为信息披露充分性的衡量标准,真实准确、完整及时地披露信息,不得隐瞒风险,不得误导消费者。银监会相关负责人说,在理财产品销售过程中,银行业金融机构必须向客户全面、充分披露信息和风险,使客户真正了解产品业务特征,明确自身所要承担的风险和损失。

因此,“银行要加强理财产品的适当性销售,按照投资者适当性原则,对客户实行分层管理和风险承受能力评估,将合适的产品卖给适合的投资者,并加强理财产品的信息披露,报喜更要报忧,充分披露理财产品风险。”董希淼说,同时还要做好投资者教育,提升投资者的风险意识和风险识别能力。

某银行人士说,作为银行机构,严格落实监管部门规定,并加强内部管理、内部教育,防范员工异常行为并经常性开展金融普及宣传等,是防范理财“飞单”等现象的重要措施。同时,金融消费者也要改变只关注收益率的心态和习惯,更加注重投资本身的风险,不以销售渠道评价风险,不能简单认为“银行销售的就没有问题,出了问题也会刚兑”。

对于如何识别真假银行理财产品,普益标准研究员魏骥遥说,按照监管要求,银行发售普通个人客户理财产品时,需在宣传销售文本中公布所售产品在全国银行业理财信息登记系统的登记编码,客户可依据该编码在“中国理财网”查询产品信息,未在理财系统登记的银行理财产品一律不买,规避买到假理财产品的风险。

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