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现金分红公司大大增加 传统行业初显景气迹象

2017-05-05 11:36:51   经济参考报

七成上市公司利润增长传统行业初显景气迹象

截至4月30日,除*ST烯碳外,沪深两市3204家上市公司年报已全部出炉。数据显示,沪深两市约七成上市公司2016年度净利润实现增长,分红力度尤其是派现有所增强。受益于供给侧结构性改革持续推进,有色金属、钢铁等传统行业的景气度有所回升,行业盈利能力明显提升。电子、计算机等新兴产业则继续保持较高增长势头。传统行业业绩表现令人欣慰。从各行业相关公司业绩增长及盈利能力看,有色金属、钢铁、煤炭等周期性行业表现突出。在107家有色金属板块上市公司中,有88家公司净利润同比实现增长,占比逾八成。整个板块去年实现净利润196.16亿元,同比大增849.62%。从钢铁板块来看,33家上市公司中有28家净利润同比增长,去年全板块实现净利润150.23亿元,大幅扭亏为盈。

每年年报发布是上市公司市值表现的重要关口。今年年报一个突出特点是,传统行业的景气度有所回升,主要经济指标有所改善。这与近一阶段政府有关部门大力推行的去产能和转型升级有关。特别是钢铁、有色金属和煤炭等行业,经济效益转好趋势明显。但另一方面,从全社会看,产能过剩状况依然严重,许多产能并未“去”掉,而是暂时休息,一旦控制力度放松,或是市场需求扩大,开足马力生产的可能性很大,再度造成市场供大于求、价格猛跌的窘境也非不可能。所以,市场调控部门不可掉以轻心,相关企业也不能高枕无忧。所谓未雨绸缪,是说把功夫下在事态发生之前,如果没有前瞻性,市场风暴一旦来临,损失是相当惊人的。

市场不再流行“高送转”现金分红公司大增加

随着2016年报披露完毕,A股公司利润的分配预案也浮出水面,并呈现出与往年明显不同的特征。据统计,与往年“高送转”预案唱主角不同,2016年报中近75%的上市公司拟实施现金分红,明显增多。在监管层对“高送转”强监管措施的持续推进下,现金分红无疑成为上市公司分红方案的主流。而“高送转”热度明显降温。这首先表现在,沪深两市发布“高送转”预案公司明显减少。据统计,沪深两市公司在2015、2014两个年报中,实施“10送转10”及以上方案的公司,均在200家以上。而在2016年报,上市公司数量增加了三四百家,目前数量已多达3205家,但仍有“送股”预案的仅为50家,其中只有4家给出了最高“10送10”方案,另有35家的送股比例低于“10送5”。

“高送转”不那么吃香了,最重要的原因无须讳言:监管层主要负责人严厉发声斥责“高送转”。该不该“高送转”?这也是一个难有定论的问题,如果企业效益真的不错,如何回报投资者是企业自己的权利。选择“高送转”也好,愿意真金白银也罢,只要企业有效益、投资者有回报,不必太过较真。但是,如果企业不好好经营,没有令人满意的效益,甚至屡屡出现盈利下降甚至亏损,却拿并非真金白银的股权说事,大肆炒作,大造概念,达到某些不可告人的目的,甚至成了掩护大股东自己高位套现的“大旗”,这就成问题了。总体上看,2016年报发布“高送转”预案公司的减少,现金分红方案渐成主流,与管理层引导上市公司以真金白银回报投资者的价值导向关系密切。(张健)

(责编:王子侯、杨曦)

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