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城镇登记失业率降至4%以下 就业指标中的“冷”与“暖”

2017-05-02 10:14:54   

一方面,城市医疗人才需求呈现出饱和状态,很多“三甲”医院招聘的学历起点多是硕士研究生,这让很多本科生望而却步。另一方面,基层医疗机构严重缺人,但由于工资待遇、工作环境等诸多原因,很多毕业生不愿去。

北京大学国家发展研究院经济学教授李玲2012年曾在相关研究报告中指出:“国家每年培养约60万名医学生,只有约10万人能穿上‘白大褂’。”在部分乡镇地区,人才出现了断档,乡镇医院目前基本上由40岁以上的医生撑着,25岁至35岁的年轻医生比例极小。“对现在的医学生来说,好的工作环境、和谐的医患关系,是就业时都要考虑的条件,有时候,我们把这看得和待遇好坏一样重要。”一位北京协和医学院的硕士毕业生说。

在中国人才研究会常务副会长吴江看来,大学生不愿去基层就业的原因很多,包括主客观两个方面。主观方面的主要表现是价值观存有偏差、服务基层意识薄弱,认为在基层工作不体面,没前途。客观方面主要包括基层工资待遇低,经济压力大;硬件设施落后;用人单位管理不够规范,公平用人机制尚未建立;基层平台较低,发展空间有限等。

即便是在愿意到基层就业的大学生中间,也存在着“下得去”以后“流不动”“出不来”的担心。

“政府在引导大学生‘下得去’前,要对基层真实需求情况进行调研。此外,希望接纳大学生的基层用人单位也应对自身情况进行思考:是否需要大学生,需要什么样的大学生,能够向大学生提供什么。”吴江说。

与此同时,基层用人单位应该在认真落实鼓励大学生在基层工作的各项优惠政策的同时,更加重视大学生长远职业发展,通过技能培训、提高待遇等方式让表现优秀的大学生得到实惠,让他们看到一个现实且公平的上升通道。

此外,政府还应该在给予用人单位足够自主权的同时,加大监管力度,努力营造公平有序的用人环境,同时加强并优化公共服务供给。通过就业信息提供、创业资金支持等手段,畅通人才双向流动通道,让大学生“流得动”“出得来”。

3、重点:确保好政策精准落地

【问题】

近两年来,在国家双创政策推动下,大学生创业热情空前高涨。记者从北大、人大等高校了解到,学校就业指导中心近两年来接待了大量咨询创业的大学生,有的学校创业学生人数增加了50%以上。但同时,受到诸多因素影响,他们在创业中也遭遇种种难题和“壁垒”,失败率较高。

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