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人民币“破7”近在咫尺,央行专家怎么看?

2016-12-23 07:55:02   新华社

11月末,我国外汇储备规模为30516亿美元,较10月末下降691亿美元,刷新今年1月以来最大降幅。外汇储备正逼近3万亿美元,引发不少市场人士担忧。

“外汇储备多少是适度规模并没有一个统一指标,以前外汇储备超‘4万亿’时有人认为外储过多了,但降到‘3万亿’有人又担心不够了。”外汇局相关人士表示,市场应该更关注,目前外汇储备能否持续为市场提供流动性,能否抵御外部风险冲击,而非一个具体点位。

外汇局相关人士认为,近期引发外汇储备下降的主要因素有央行向市场提供流动性以及估值效应,如外汇储备中欧元、日元等非美货币贬值。“目前来看,3万亿美元的外汇储备是充裕的,处于合理稳定区间。不是说一旦外汇储备降到3万亿美元以下,危机就会到来。”

有消息称,中国10月大幅减持413亿美元的美国国债,持债总额降至1.1157万亿美元,创下近年来新低。

对此,外汇局相关人士介绍,美国国债在国际金融市场是重要的投资标的,各国央行都会从评级到市场深度,再到流动性、风险特性等方面综合考虑投资标的。“当然,央行也会通过近期美国加息、美国国债收益率曲线等方面微观考量,对美国国债投资进行战术性动态调整。”

加快开放国内债市引入境外资金

人民币汇率波动频繁、外汇储备持续下降,这引发不少人对跨境资本流动压力增大的担忧。

国际金融协会的数据显示,2000年到2013年,国际资本大量流入新兴经济体,但从今年下半年开始,国际资本在新兴经济体处于资本流出态势。中国已深度融入国际资本市场,无法脱离国际资本流动的大格局。

不过,外汇局相关人士认为,目前中国跨境资本流动形势总体稳定,这与人民银行和外汇局前期采取一定措施扩大资本流入有关。

就此,马骏表示,在未来一段时间,央行将协调相关部门,允许和引导境外投资者进入境内外汇衍生品和利率衍生品市场进行交易,以对冲利率和汇率风险;进一步明确对汇出投资本金和收益的规则以及对投资收益和利息收入的税收政策;探索通过境内外基础设施合作,延长交易时间、减少境外投资者重复开户负担等,提升交易便利性,进一步扩大实际参与银行间债券市场投资的境外机构投资者范围。

马骏表示,通过上述举措,可以提升境外机构投资于中国银行间债券市场的便利性,为主要国际债券指数编制机构将人民币债券纳入相关指数创造条件,从而引导更多境外资金进入中国债市。

德意志银行的调研显示,如果中国债券被纳入全球债券指数,未来五年内会有7000亿美元至8000亿美元的新外资流入中国债市。一些市场人士估计,为数可观的资金投入中国债市,或将支持人民币汇率的基本稳定。

责任编辑:丁勇 CN007
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