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徐翔审判日:23位上市公司高管出庭作证

2016-12-05 10:17:23   中金在线

三、庭审或聚焦信息型操纵行为之“程度”

徐翔等本案涉案人员被提起公诉的涉嫌罪名为操纵证券市场罪。依据《刑法》、《证券法》、以及相关司法解释,操纵证券市场罪的行为方式包括“单独或者合谋,集中资金优势、持仓优势、信息等优势或者滥用职权等。”

据21世纪经济报道从接近司法部门人士处了解,徐翔案是国内首起因利用信息优势操纵证券市场的涉刑案件。信息型操纵是指上市公司或掌握信息优势的一方,发布对市场价格具有影响的信息,影响证券或期货交易价格,进而操纵市场的一种市场操纵行为。

《证券法》规定,“上市公司高管信息优势操纵”可以被纳入第77条第(一)项“单独或者通过合谋,利用信息优势联合或者连续买卖,操纵证券交易价格或者证券交易量”的规制范畴;

在《刑事立案追诉标准(二)》中,第39条第(六)项“上市公司及其董事、监事、高级管理人员、实际控制人、控股股东或者其他关联人单独或者合谋,利用信息优势,操纵该公司证券交易价格或者证券交易量”,也对此类行为进行了明确规定。

接近本案的法学界人士分析,信息型操纵需符合四个条件,分别是“操纵的主观故意”、“操纵的具体行为”、“操纵行为的程度”以及“操纵行为的后果”。“比如你想把别人的胳膊打断的话,至少要先握紧拳头(操纵的主观故意),再击打别人的胳膊(操纵的具体行为)、而且出手很重(操纵行为的程度),因而把别人的胳膊打断(操纵行为的后果)。”

该接近本案的法学界人士透露,目前本案中“操纵的主观故意”、“操纵的具体行为”以及“操纵行为的后果”三项条件齐全,但涉及“操纵行为的程度”的部分,则是现行《刑法》乃至证券系列法规缺失的部分。上述《证券法》条文中,只有对“利用信息优势操纵证券市场”的定性描述,但缺少对“操纵行为的程度”的定量认定。

反观其他操纵行为,最高人民检察院、公安部的规定了五种应予追诉的五种情形,比如“单独或者合谋,持有或者实际控制证券的流通股份数达到该证券的实际流通股份总量百分之三十以上,且在该证券连续二十个交易日内联合或者连续买卖股份数累计达到该证券同期总成交量百分之三十以上的”,便是对所谓“持仓优势”的定量规定。

针对目前较多发生的短线交易、跨市场操纵、信息操纵等新的违法违规行为缺乏追诉标准,全国人大代表、原深交所总经理宋丽萍在2016年全国两会时表示,现行的市场操纵行为认定标准存在不适应市场新形势的情况,并建议借鉴出台针对市场操纵的最新司法解释,以大大提高对证券期货市场内幕交易查处的力度、提高司法效率,准确认定市场操纵行为。

上述接近本案的法学界人士亦表示,徐翔案的控辩双方有望聚焦于“操纵行为的程度”的部分,“案情之外,更值得期待的是本案有望推动中国证券行业的立法完善。”


责任编辑:孙启浩 CN037
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