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专家:收入高低是相对概念 不太可能定高收入标准

2016-10-25 09:12:07   央广网

 专家:年收入超12万加税是谣言 今后不太可能定高收入标准

央广网北京10月25日消息(记者刘祎辰) 据经济之声《天下财经》报道,近期个税改革再度成为热点,针对有观点所谓的“年收入12万元以上被定为高收入群体,要加税”的说法,多位熟知个税改革的财税专家回应说,这一观点是误读,纯属谣言,12万元不是划分高低收入人群的界限。

 权威财税专家:没有12万属高收入这一说法

年收入12万元以上人群被定义为高收入者,将被加强税收征管的消息,记者先后向财政部和国家税务总局下属研究机构求证,相关专家均表示完全是要谣传。事实上这个消息援引的文件,是国务院近期印发的《关于激发重点群体活力带动城乡居民增收的实施意见》。《意见》的原文表述为:“健全包括个人所得税在内的税收体系,逐步建立综合和分类相结合的个人所得税制度,进一步减轻中等以下收入者税收负担,发挥收入调节功能,适当加大对高收入者的税收调节力度。”根本没有提到所谓十二万,在信息传播过程中,“高收入者”被替换为“年薪12万以上”,“税收调节”被替换为“加税”。那么,这个十二万是从何而来呢?对此财政部下属科研机构中国财政科学院研究院孙钢表示:

孙钢:12万是2005年出台的一个关于个人所得税纳税申报的办法里划的一个线,要求加强征管。此外,也是为了下一步的改革——综合与分类相结合。作为试点,第一年申报全国只有168万人。在当时老百姓心目中,12万既然要申报可能就把它认定为一个高收入的标准了。每个月1万好像在当时来说也是不低的标准。但是这个12万从来没有跟纳税多少挂钩,在7档税率里面,没有哪一档跟12万挂钩。另外,认为要提高高收入人群的纳税征管是不是针对这12万以上的人群,我觉得这是误读。

今后不太可能划定所谓的高收入标准

事实上,在我国个税现行的七档税率中,工资收入年所得96万元的人才会以最高的税率45%纳税。12万元以上纳税人自行纳税的申报只是出于税收监管的考虑。记者向相关人士了解,原来没有,今后也不太可能划定所谓的高收入标准。孙钢解释,这是由于收入高低是相对的,各地也有区别。

孙钢:收入高低是相对的概念,地区之间不平衡。所以不同的地区,高收入、高和低的概念是不一样的。所以说,要全国排一个位置哪个是高,有的地区合适有的地区不合适,所以排不出多少是高。

此外,税务总局税收科学研究所所长李万甫表示,从税制上来说也不太可能单独为所谓高收入者税收制度:

李万甫:从整个改革的方向来说,也很难单独的制定一套制度针对高收入者实行一些特别的调节。对高收入者的调节、对低收入者的调节、包括对中低收入者的调节统筹的纳在一起,实行统一的调节制度。

  个税改革备受关注 应制定大多数人能接受的方案

据了解,目前正在进行的个税改革是要向综合和分类相结合发展,税负的变化方向是要增低、扩中、调高。对于最广大的群体,也就是中低收入者,将增加一些扣除项目以降低负担。比如今年已经在31个城市试点商业健康保险的扣除。而对于高收入者也将加大征收力度,主要是加强征管,平衡资本所得与劳动所得税负水平。

中国财政科学研究院院长刘尚希表示,这次舆论热点凸显了社会公众对个税改革的关注和期盼。个税改革社会敏感度高,改革的关键是要形成社会最大公约数,坚持“开门立法”,制定大多数人能接受的方案,有助于提高公众对税法的遵从度。

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