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南北车恩怨情仇:海外打价格战曾遭国务院批评

2014-11-04 08:24:22   人民网-中国经济周刊

实现技术垄断,而非市场垄断

不过话又说回来,最初的南北车拆分是为了防止垄断,如今真要重新合并,该如何看待垄断的问题?在王梦恕看来,该垄断时就垄断,绝不能含糊。当然,这指的可不是市场垄断,而是技术垄断。

在北京交通大学经济管理学院教授赵坚看来,中国南车和中国北车仅是两个管理机构,旗下众多子公司都具有独立法人资格,未来整合后,这些企业会作为独立投标人进入国内市场招标,不会形成外界担心的垄断局面,此外,当前南北车产能过剩,铁总在招标时的话语权还是很大的。

同济大学法学院知识产权与竞争法中心研究员刘旭认为,南北车合并或许不违反《反垄断法》。《反垄断法》第28条规定:“经营者集中具有或者可能具有排除、限制竞争效果的,国务院反垄断执法机构应当作出禁止经营者集中的决定,但是,经营者能够证明该集中对竞争产生的有利影响明显大于不利影响,或者符合社会公共利益的,国务院反垄断执法机构可以作出对经营者集中不予禁止的决定。”

目前看来,由于此次合并是由国资委主导,南北车的合并已经超过了两家企业所能决定的范围,而上升到了国家层面。

截至发稿时,有报道称,中国北车和中国南车会于11月初公布有关合并的具体事项,两家公司的整合,极有可能通过交叉换股来实现;同时,还可能组建一个新的过渡集团来推动整合。

除了南北车:还有哪些企业或将被合并

中国中铁和中国铁建,中电投和国家核电?

中国工程院院士王梦恕认为,南北车合并后可以成立专门的研究院,对高原、严寒等条件下的高铁以及重载铁路等方面继续研究。上述知情人士也表示,合并后的南北车作为中国高铁的代表,一个拳头出海可以获得更大的收益。

王梦恕同时提出铁路工程建设企业--中国铁建(601186.SH)和中国中铁(601390.SH)同样有在国内国外互相压价竞争的状况。南北车的成功合并将给这样的公司起示范作用。

曾有业内人士举例称,中国中铁、中国铁建在国外的价格竞争一样激烈,甚至争执到最后连项目所在国的人都表示,“别争了,一家给一点算了”。

王梦恕直言,因为当年的铁道部搞了中铁和中铁建两家公司投招标,所以两家公司都怕得罪原铁道部,如今铁路总公司即使欠了中铁建1000多亿,中铁建也不敢说话,怕得罪了铁路总公司不让你中标。

与此同时,今年以来中国电力投资集团公司(下称“中电投”)与国家核电技术公司(下称“国家核电”)将合并的消息也屡屡见诸报端。中国科学院院士王乃彦表示,目前国际上的核电份额,更多地被美国、法国、俄罗斯、日本和韩国等世界级核电列强瓜分,中国需抓住这个时机发展核电。

有报道称,中电投是中国五大发电集团之一,而国家核电则是中国三大核电公司之一,两者合并,如虎添翼,可以在“价值互补”的基础上助推它们在海外寻求核电项目的便利。

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