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荒漠化治理的鄂尔多斯经验:左手经济右手生态融合发展

2017-09-14 16:51:42   央广网

在《联合国防治荒漠化公约》第十三次缔约方大会中的中国荒漠化成就展上,鄂尔多斯林沙产业优品汇展区内葡萄酒品鉴区、沙棘汁展区牢牢吸引着国外的参观者,在鄂尔多斯干旱半干旱的土地上因为日照充足,昼夜温差大,酿出来的葡萄酒获得了外宾们的点赞。“被称为‘地球癌症’的砒砂岩占鄂尔多斯市土地面积的48%,沙棘是治理砒砂岩的先锋树种,不但能保持水土和改良土壤,还具有较高的经济价值。开发沙棘产业,既可以增加农牧民收入,又能拉动生态建设,可谓一举两得。”天骄沙棘公司董事长李云飞向外宾介绍着沙棘产业。

作为一个资源型城市,鄂尔多斯羊绒制品产量约占全国的1/3、世界的1/4,是名副其实的世界绒都;煤炭探明储量约占全国的1/6;稀土资源得天独厚,高岭土、天然碱、食盐、芒硝、石膏、石灰石、紫砂陶土等资源储量巨大,已探明稀土高岭土储量约占全国的1/2;探明天然气储量约占全国的1/3,世界最大的整装气田——苏里格气田位于境内。

党的十八大以来,“煤海”鄂尔多斯市着力转变经济发展方式,调整优化产业结构,延长资源型产业链,壮大新型煤化工、战略性新兴产业等“新经济”,打造多元发展、多极支撑的新产业体系。“过去我们抓住了资源开发的机遇,今后我们要做资源型经济创新发展的引领者。”鄂尔多斯市委书记牛俊雁说。

鄂尔多斯一方面全力延伸资源型产业链条,推进产业配套化、精细化、高端化发展,让“老树生新枝”;另一方面,大力发展装备制造、电子信息、高新技术、大数据云计算、生物科技等产业,着力在创新产业、提“能”升“量”上下功夫。

目前,鄂尔多斯已打造形成清洁能源、现代煤化工、特色装备和汽车制造、建材冶金、绒纺、服务业等特色产业集群。在现代服务业领域,“云中艺城”艺术大数据、万家惠欢乐世界等一批特色文旅项目投入运营,鄂尔多斯国际那达慕、鄂尔多斯国际创意文化大会、美丽乡村旅游节等一批品牌节庆活动成功举办,被列为国家全域旅游示范区创建单位;天津港、天津物产等国内大型物流企业入驻,电子商务交易量成倍增长,物流业发展势头迅猛。现代服务业花开多枝、蓬勃发展,“洼地效应”凸显。

在这样的发展中,鄂尔多斯的生态文明建设同步深入推进。完成林业生态建设150 万亩、草原建设743 万亩、水土流失治理180.5 万亩,全市森林覆盖率达到26.7%。大气污染防治成效明显,空气质量优良率达到81.8%,优良天数达到321天,城市核心区夏季平均气温21℃,是我国北方最佳避暑旅游度假地之一。

人在花中走,城在林中起,今日的鄂尔多斯面对被国外专家比喻为“地球癌症”的荒漠化沙化,探索出了一套绿富同兴的长远发展之路,这一伟大成就现在已成为美丽中国影响世界的重要窗口——这也是一个民族、一个国家的文化自信的充分肯定和积极实践。

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