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央广《王冠红人馆》财经报告:腾讯“零钱通”内测,余额宝再难独大?

2017-09-13 17:21:23   央广网

中基协数据显示,截至7月底,我国货币基金的规模已经从2016年的4.3万亿增长至5.8万亿,货币基金快速增长的过程中,隐藏在其中的流动性风险也引起了监管的高度重视。

9月1日,证监会正式公布了《公开募集开放式证券投资基金流动性风险管理规定》,针对货币市场基金的流动性风险管控作出了专门规定,并将于10月1日正式实施。

备受瞩目的是对基金管理人风险准备金的要求。该新规要求:同一管理人所管理的采用摊余成本法进行核算的货币基金,月末资产净值合计不超过风险准备金月末余额的200倍。对于管理人风险准备金不符合要求的,不得新设货币基金和理财基金,管理人风险准备金计提比例提升至20%以上。

 货基规模遭遇天花板,天弘基金被迫二选一

为了符合相应的规定,规模较大的货币基金后续发展将受到一定的限制。事实上,在《新规》出台之前,余额宝的个人投资额度上限已经一降再降,从最开始的50万元,降到了25万元,8月份又降到了10万元。

今年一季度,余额宝首次突破1万亿元的规模,并且步入高速发展期,二季报显示,余额宝的规模已经达到了1.43亿元,成为世界上规模最大的货币基金。然而,生意越做越大,风险也随之大幅提高。在新规下,天弘只能被迫二选一。一种选择是准备不少于200倍,即不少于71.5亿元的风险准备金;另一种是不再发起新的采用摊余成本法核算的货基,并将已有货基的风险准备金提高到20%。

然而,准备71.5亿的风险准备金,对于天弘基金来说存在着巨大的压力。2017年上半年,天弘基金的总营收也只有40.13亿元。

而如果选择将已有货基的风险准备金提高到20%(此前是10%),天弘也要付出代价。2017年半年报显示,余额宝上半年共收取约17亿元的管理费,据20%分摊到每个月,即每个月0.57亿元。每个月0.57亿的风险准备金对于天弘基金来说没有太大压力,但为保住余额宝,天弘基金需要放弃发起新的摊余成本法货基。

"对于货币基金而言,货基新规导向是降规模,降收益,限发展。尤其是对于依赖委外、机构客户,单一客户占比太高的货币基金将受到很大的限制。"有公募基金人士认为。

对于余额宝来说,放慢脚步似乎是必然的选择。

四、总结

余额宝先行4年后,腾讯终于推出了自己的"零钱"理财。对标阿里余额宝的"零钱通"是腾讯打通货基的关键,补齐了微信支付在活期理财产品的缺失。虽然当前两者之间是10倍的规模差距,但凭借微信近10亿的月活用户,其流量优势将逐步显现。然而,监管层已经开始收紧肆意扩张的货基规模,天花板即将到来,重量级货基路在何方,我们将持续关注。

更多精彩内容,敬请关注央广《王冠红人馆》节目及微信公号。

央广《王冠红人馆》舆情课题组 朱珊珊

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