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腾讯和阿里再这么涨下去 一堆公募基金就要被迫减仓了

2017-09-08 22:11:46   中国经济网

摘要:腾讯和阿里巴巴是很多公募基金的重仓股,帮助他们斩获了骄人的收益率。但如果资金配比接近10%,那么腾讯进一步大涨将给他们带来烦恼:中国监管层不允许持仓比例超过10%。

*本文来自华尔街见闻(微信ID:wallstreetcn),作者祁月。更多精彩资讯请登陆wallstreetcn.com,或下载华尔街见闻APP*

如果你是一位今年重仓腾讯的基金经理,那么恭喜你。但需要提醒的是,请留意你的持仓比例,如果腾讯股价进一步大涨,你可能就要被迫抛售一部分仓位了。

基金经理被迫减仓的原因来自监管:中国监管层一直对基金有着“双十”限制,即同一个基金管理人管理的全部基金持有一家上市公司的股票不得超过该股总股本的10%,一只基金持有的一家上市公司股票市值不得超过基金资产净值的10%。

瑞银资管驻香港基金经理施斌就是这样一位投资者。根据美国媒体提供的资料,腾讯是他所管理的瑞银(卢森堡)中国精选股票基金的重仓股,截至7月底,占比达9.9%,帮助他的基金今年迄今斩获了42%的回报率。但如果腾讯继续大涨,他很有可能要被迫减持了。

截至7月底,该基金前十大持股还包括阿里巴巴、中国平安、百度、网易等。其中,阿里巴巴的持仓占比9.6%。这意味着,阿里巴巴也可能成为下一个“让人头疼的事”。

腾讯今年累计大涨70%左右,其在MSCI中国指数中的权重达16.3%。阿里巴巴今年股价接近翻倍。这两家公司是推动MSCI中国指数今年上涨39%的最大驱动力。若剔除这两只股票,很多股票涨幅远低于MSCI中国指数涨幅。

施斌上月中旬接受采访时称,长期依然看好腾讯、阿里巴巴等科技股。腾讯从基本面来讲,涨幅不算小,预料下半年不会像上半年这样大涨,股价在这个水平可能盘整;但如果市场觉得该股会成为全球领先的互联网业者,说不定会给更高的估值。

他预计,MSCI中国指数年底前还能再涨10%,因目前估值不贵、且企业盈利增长优于预期,而美股估值已相对偏高。

“双十限制”

早在2014年8月8日,“双十比例”的限制规定就开始实施了。

机构大规模集中持股会面临风险。第一财经总结称,2015 年上半年,市场对中小创趋之若鹜,基金公司高度控盘屡见不鲜,但随着股市异常波动,中小创个股被疯狂抛售,面对巨大的赎回压力,极端情况下又无法将股票卖出,流动性危机凸显。这种情况下,集中控盘的风险暴露无遗。尤其是偏股型开放式基金流动性风险表现最为突出,市场大幅调整期间,个别基金公司因集中持有中小市值股票而面临较大流动性管理压力。

而机构集中持股也可能对股价造成影响。第一财经此前援引一家中型基金公司投资总监称:“有时集中持股并且数量很大的话,可能会影响到市场和股价的表现,有一个反作用力,不是说公司基本面很好就可以拿很多,因为拿的太多甚至会影响到公司的基本面。”

当基金经理执行监管规定,机构通过大规模抛售来降低持仓集中度,继而引发的较大的资金流动不排除会对个股股价产生较大影响。不过,也有基金经理之前分析称,只有投资于流通股占总股本的比例大于三分之二的上市公司股票才会受到影响。

为此,在原有基金“双十比例”投资限制的基础上,中国监管层本月初发布《公开募集开放式证券投资基金流动性风险管理规定》,进一步对同一管理人管理的全部开放式基金持有单一上市公司流通股的比例作出15%的上限要求;对同一管理人管理的全部投资组合持有一家上市公司流通股做出30%的上限规定。

周五早盘,腾讯控股涨1%,至323.8港元:

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