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【深度解读】让人人享有基本公共服务

2017-09-04 07:15:54   中国青年网

综合施策补短板

省发改委有关负责人表示,我省基本公共服务在全国相对落后,规模不足、质量不高、发展不平衡等“短板”凸现。主要表现在:城乡区域间资源配置不均衡,硬件和软件不协调,服务水平差异较大;基层设施不足和利用不够并存,人才外流和短缺问题严重;一些服务项目存在盲区,尚未有效覆盖全部流动人口和困难群体;体制机制滞后,社会力量参与不足。这些问题已成为制约我省与全国一道全面建成小康社会的重要短板,必须在“十三五”期间综合施策、着力破解。

为此,《规划》坚持以人民为中心的思想,紧扣“到2020年基本公共服务均等化总体实现”的目标,将“十三五”基本公共服务体系建设的任务聚焦为推进均等化;紧扣脱贫攻坚目标,突出对贫困地区和特定人群的重点扶持、精准施策、补齐短板,推进城乡、区域、人群基本公共服务均等化,确保2020年与全国一道全面建成小康社会。

另外,《规划》专门设立“基本公共服务制度”专章,以制度建设统领主要民生领域基本公共服务,推动基本民生保障制度更加成熟定型;同时侧重增加有效供给,建立统筹协调、财力保障、人才建设、多元供给、监督评估等五大实施机制,在强化政府职责的基础上,充分发挥市场机制作用,推动公共服务供给侧结构性改革,使广大群众更加方便可及地获得服务。

优先保障基本公共服务清单项目

在《规划》中,列出了“十三五”期间的基本公共服务清单,以列表形式向社会公布了各领域具体服务项目,据介绍,基本公共服务清单依据现行法律法规确定,各级政府对其中涉及的内容应该优先保障。

清单中服务项目的确定主要依据以下几条原则:一是注重兜底保障,强调“雪中送炭”而不是“锦上添花”。被选入的服务项目,能够在解决群众生存发展后顾之忧的基础上,引导群众主动积极参与经济社会生活,推动实现参与机会的平等。二是所有服务项目均有相关领域的法律法规支撑,有较稳定的资金渠道予以持续保障。三是所有服务项目均直接面向老百姓,所有服务内容均可按照服务对象、服务内容和标准、支出责任、主责单位4个要件进行标准规范。政府日常运转、行政执法类服务不纳入清单。

目前被纳入清单的8个领域80项服务项目,按照服务方式的不同,分为费用补贴、服务提供、制度保障三类:费用补贴类是指政府主要通过免除或减免费用以实现特定保障目的,例如义务教育免费等;服务提供类是指政府主要通过改善公共机构基础设施、组织配备相关服务人员或向社会组织购买服务以实现服务供给,例如创业服务等;制度保障类是指政府通过完善制度性投入安排,推动政府、社会、个人责任共担,以实现更高标准的保障水平,例如企业职工基本养老保险等。

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