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垄断行业价格监管制度化又跨一步

2017-09-01 05:20:55   中国青年网

《指导意见》进一步明确,将合理界定政府、企业、消费者权利和义务,制定覆盖全部垄断行业的成本监审办法、定价办法,建立起科学的成本分担机制、合理反映成本构成和收益的价格形成机制。规范政府定价的程序和行为,严格依法依规开展价格监管。

郑新业说,政府通过有效监管,可以把垄断行业的成本控制在合理范围之内,这有助于全国统一市场的形成,有利于资源在大范围内的配置。

“自然垄断行业成本的高低,直接关系其销售半径。我国大部分电源、气源在中西部,负荷中心在东部。如果输配电价成本、天然气管道成本监管不严,导致中间线路过于昂贵,就会影响其销售。当收费成本反映真实需求时,市场在资源配置中的决定性作用才能得到充分发挥。”郑新业说。

健全成本监审办法

根据《指导意见》,到2020年,我国网络型自然垄断环节和重要公用事业、公益性服务行业定价办法、成本监审办法基本实现全覆盖,科学、规范、透明的垄断行业政府定价制度基本建立。

目前,我国已全面完成省级电网输配电价改革,核减成本比例达14.5%;已完成天然气管道运输定价成本监审,核减成本比例达16%;一些城市也开展了供水定价成本监审。

记者了解到,近期我国将围绕电力、天然气、铁路客运、居民供水供气供热等重点领域,加快建立健全成本监审办法和价格形成机制,从细从严开展成本监审和定价工作,规范垄断行业收费,促进企业降低成本,提高效率。

景春梅表示,加快推动在上述重点领域的成本监审和定价工作,既有利于合理降低企业成本和社会负担,也有利于提高垄断行业生产经营效率。

“垄断行业成本监审规则建立起来后,哪些该计入成本,哪些不计入,投资回报率是多少等都明确了,公众买单买得明明白白,对公共利益起到保障作用;也能倒逼企业提高生产效率,促进公平竞争。”景春梅说。

刘树杰建议,强化对垄断行业的价格监管,一是要建立明晰的规则,当前最重要的是要有适用于价格监管的垄断行业成本规则。二是要推动信息公开和公众参与,建立监督制衡机制,建立真正有能力代表消费者利益的消费者保护组织,把“公众参与”落到实处。三是要加强监管能力建设,包括机构职能合理设置及相应的人力资源保障。

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