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准备好与机器人共处了吗——2017世界机器人大会综述

2017-08-28 16:46:00   央广网

瑞士伯尔尼大学教授Stefan Weber对中国机器人“走出去”更是充满期待,“中国现在不能只关注自身的发展,而是要帮助地区乃至全世界实现共同发展,现在很多国家都希望以更快更方便的方式与中国合作”。

迎接机器人的到来,中国正在积极准备。作为中国机器人企业的佼佼者,新松机器人自动化股份有限公司总裁曲道奎对中国机器人产业发展的感受颇深:“我们跟国外的机器人竞争力差距很大,但近三五年中国进步很快。过去高端机器人市场中,中国本土出产的机器人只占百分之十几,现在随着各项核心技术的突破和关键零部件的国产化,我预计到2020年,中国就能占到高端机器人市场的50%。”

“重”概念创新而“轻”核心技术发展的问题一直被政府和业内人士所担忧,但是近五年来经过创新驱动发展战略的实施,我国机器人核心零部件关键技术已取得重大突破。“在机器人技术的研发方面,目前我国在语音识别、图像识别等技术领域已达到国际先进水平,机器人本体优化设计及性能评估、高速高精度控制等方面取得了积极进展。此外,在特种无人机、深海机器人等领域形成了一批具备核心竞争优势的自主创新产品,成功研究开发了固定翼无人机智能集群系统等。”工信部副部长辛国斌表示。

谈起中国未来机器人产业的发展,清华大学计算机科学与技术系教授孙富春仍然抑制不住兴奋,他坚信机器人这个制造业皇冠上的明珠,在中国肯定能焕发别样的风采。“中国有这么大的市场、这么多的科研院所、这么好的发展环境,机器人产业发展肯定是越来越好。”

 3 更加聪明的机器人将陪伴人类

羽毛球运动陪伴机器人、仓库巡逻机器人、能够穿针引线的双臂协作机器人……在今年的世界机器人大会上,不少参观者都感叹,“机器人的发展简直太快了”。

如今,仿生结构、人工智能和人机协作技术不断创新,教育陪护、医疗康复、危险环境等领域的应用产品正在层出不穷。“去年是一只仿生鸟,今年是仿生蜻蜓和水母,不知道明年将会有什么。”在看到会飞的仿生蜻蜓和长着八根“触手”的仿生水母机器人后,中国科学院自动化研究所复杂系统管理与控制国家重点实验室主任王飞跃说。

其实,很多人心中都有着类似的疑问——机器人将迎来怎样的发展?曾经的科幻场景能否变成现实?对于这一点,前来参会的专家也纷纷进行了展望。“未来机器人会应用一些全新的概念、感知科学及新材料,机器人也会变得更加智能,并且能够连接到网络上。”意大利比萨圣安娜大学教授Paolo Dario说。

SMC(中国)有限公司总经理赵彤认为,人工智能可以带动服务机器人的发展。“随着人们对健康的重视,以及人口老龄化的日益严重,未来医疗机器人将变得更加重要。”

加拿大阿尔伯塔大学教授Zhang Hong则认为,做完全可靠的机器人系统是非常难的事情,完全自主的机器人大范围使用仍然比较遥远,“一个比较有前途的方向实际上是人机交互,即把机器人和人的优势结合在一起。”

“智能感知认知、多模态人机交互、深度学习、机器视觉等智能化技术不断创新,为智能机器人的演进发展提供了坚实基础。”辛国斌表示,服务机器人直接面对广大消费者,在未来具有比工业机器人更大的市场空间,家庭用机器人将率先形成数百亿美元的全球市场。若果真如此,家家户户都有一个机器人也许很快就能实现了。

《光明日报》( 2017年08月28日 06版)

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