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皮肤破损早期处理用药

2017-08-23 16:51:43   中国青年网

红药水是一种作用较弱的消毒防腐药。由于红药水对皮肤、黏膜及创面无刺激性,常用于一般性小外伤和皮肤黏膜创面的消毒,以及外科、五官科小手术前的皮肤和泌尿道消毒。由于它的穿透性很弱,只有较小的抑菌作用,遇有机物和碱性环境均会降低其作用,所以消毒效果并不可靠。

紫药水是用化学药品龙胆紫配制而成的稀释溶液,其杀菌作用介于碘酒与红药水之间。由于它对革兰氏阳性细菌有选择性的灭活作用,特别对葡萄球菌、白喉杆菌、念珠菌等具有较强的杀灭作用,所以一般使用0.1%~1%的水溶液治疗皮肤及黏膜创伤感染,也可用于小面积的烧伤。

但是,紫药水对深部感染就不适用,它的收敛作用,对于新鲜、表浅的皮肤外伤具有杀菌和促进伤口愈合的作用,但对已经化脓的伤口表面与坏死组织之间易形成一层保护膜,乍看起来伤口似乎干燥了,实际上会掩盖病情,使痂皮下方的脓液流不出来,加重感染。此外,较大面积的伤口若涂擦紫药水伤口愈合后,可能在体表残留紫色瘢痕。

云南白药胶囊

具有化瘀止血,活血止痛,解毒消肿的功效。多用于跌打损伤,瘀血肿痛等口服使用。鲜创面不建议使用云南白药胶囊内粉末覆盖破损创面,有造成伤口感染可能。

本报记者 田晶

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