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5000台手术练就儿童 难治性癫痫绝技

2017-08-23 09:52:23   中国青年网

杜浩接诊后,通过脑电图、脑CT和发病症状,大致圈定了疑似区域,在这些地方植入了6根0.8mm电极条,捕捉和采集脑内异常电波。经过一周的监测,最终精确定位出引发童童癫痫的病灶。杜浩带着团队为童童切除了病灶,术后三个月童童再也没有发病。

杜浩介绍,难治性癫痫大约占到三成左右,这类患儿如有手术指征,应及早手术。受头皮和颅骨干扰,目前脑电图、拍片、核磁等检查手段都无法准确提示癫痫灶位置,开颅将电极直接置于脑表面或置入脑深部结构,能清晰地显示大脑脑电的细微变化过程,准确定位致痫灶,对病灶进行“裁剪式”切除,是神经外科治疗癫痫的“杀手锏”。

做癫痫手术要“认准门”

要找出癫痫灶,只能通过多种技术,综合分析才能准确定位,这是目前癫痫手术的最大难点。“认准门很重要。”杜浩介绍,患者需要在具有专业资质和相当水平的神经疾病诊治中心,接受神经外科、神经内科、神经电生理室、放射影像科等多学科医生共同参与评估后,才能选择手术。

杜浩说,大部分难治性癫痫都可以通过手术减少发作次数和降低抗癫痫药物的剂量。手术方式归纳起来有三种,一是癫痫灶的切除手术,效果最好;二是阻断癫痫放电传播的手术,不能切除可以考虑这种,效果明显要差于切除;三是电刺激手术,脑深部核团电刺激目前处于临床探索阶段,是癫痫治疗的方向。

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