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稳中向好态势明显 经济进入提质增效新阶段

2017-08-19 12:26:26   央广网

全年经济或呈现“前高后稳”态势。我国经济在经历多年调整后,正在逐步迈入中高速增长阶段,趋势性下行的空间明显收窄。经济运行总体趋稳,并不意味着经济增速始终稳定在某一个具体的水平上,而是会呈现出围绕相对稳定中枢上下小幅波动。受投资增速回调、房地产市场调整、补库存效应减弱的影响,下半年经济将会小幅回调,但幅度有限。预计全年经济运行有望前高后稳,完全有条件实现预期增长目标。

推动经济发展进入提质增效新阶段

我国经济发展进入新常态,经济发展要从数量规模扩张阶段转入质量效益提升阶段。发展质量和效益比速度更重要,要按照新常态的大逻辑,坚持稳中求进的总基调,保持战略定力,坚持以提高经济发展质量和效益为中心,坚持以供给侧结构性改革为主线,适度扩大总需求,加强预期引导,深化创新驱动,着力提升全要素生产率,推动经济发展进入提质增效新阶段。

坚持稳中求进的总基调。保持政策连续性和稳定性。实施好积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策,把握好节奏、时机、力度和平衡,增强政策实施的有效性。加快落实已出台的各项减税降费措施,增强企业的获得感。有效规范地方政府举债融资,坚决遏制隐性债务增量。把握好去杠杆的力度和速度,加强金融去杠杆和货币政策之间协调配合,保持金融体系合理的流动性。

着力提高经济发展质量和效益。深入实施创新驱动发展战略,完善创新激励机制,鼓励知识创造,严格产权保护,加大人力资本投资,持续推进大众创业万众创新,培育发展新技术、新产业、新业态、新模式。深入实施“中国制造2025”,推动传统制造业转型升级,引导企业利用利润增加的有利时机,加大智能化、数字化、服务化、绿色化等技术改造投入,实现生产效率提升。促进制造业和服务业融合、农业“接二连三”、传统产业嫁接新技术新模式,真正实现产业升级换代。

深化推进供给侧结构性改革。深入推进“三去一降一补”,以处置“僵尸企业”为突破口,加快建立企业退出机制,建立市场化法治化退出通道,解决“退不出、死不了”的问题,重塑企业“新陈代谢”机制,真正实现市场出清。加大补短板力度,围绕脱贫攻坚、加强公共服务、突破关键共性技术、支持企业技术改造、加强基础设施薄弱环节、加强生态环境保护等领域增加投入,改善供给体系质量和效率,确保供给侧结构性改革得到深化,推动经济结构调整取得实质进展。

着力提升全要素生产率。加快电力、石油、天然气、铁路、民航、电信、军工等领域的混合所有制改革试点。完善行业监管,增加对新技术、新模式与传统部门融合的包容度,促进先进技术和管理经验跨行业流动,激发传统行业焕发新活力。加大产学研用协同创新力度,鼓励平台性企业发展。重塑知识型劳动激励机制,激发科研人员创造力。加快信息、金融、文化、教育、体育、医疗等服务业开放,加大吸引外资政策落实力度。鼓励国内企业走出去,参与全球价值链分工,努力提升在全球价值链中的位势,推动我国产品和技术向全球中高端迈进。

(作者为国务院发展研究中心副主任)

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