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85名患儿死于医院“断氧” 近看印度医疗之殇

2017-08-16 10:44:46   国际在线

文章还提到,印度公立医院床位不足也是一个严重的问题。平均来说,一个床位需要服务1,833个病人。在比哈尔邦和贾坎德邦,这一数字分别是8,789和6,052。

公立和私立水平不均 城市和农村差别很大

发生“断氧门”的巴巴•拉加夫•达斯医院是一家公立医院。事实上,印度城市与农村的卫生服务以及公立医院与私立医院之间的医疗条件存在很大差别。这真实地反映了印度医疗卫生行业发展不平衡的现状。

在印度首都新德里以及区域性大城市孟买、班加罗尔、海德拉巴等地,医院、诊所和药店的数量较多,医疗质量相对较高,医疗设备相对先进,有的药店还是24小时营业。但在农村或城乡交界地区,医疗条件则十分有限,如果没有当地人引导,外国人突发疾病则很难找到像样的医院就诊。当然,城市医疗条件的“好”是相对于农村而言的,并非我们想象中的那么好。

印度城市和农村的医疗条件有很大差别,图为印度北方邦的一家公立医院,医生们在治疗患脑炎的病人

2015年,笔者曾探访过印度最知名的公立医学院——全印医学院(AIIMS)及其附属医院。怀揣朝拜印度版“协和医学院”的美好愿望,笔者看到的却是另一番景象。尽管不是医学专业人士,但AIIMS造成的视觉冲击仍让笔者愕然:医疗设备陈旧,床位数量少,有些治疗仪器甚至无法使用,病房也比国内一般医院拥挤很多,病人数量之多、就诊秩序之乱让人目瞪口呆。笔者从印度当地做医生的朋友那里了解到,印度全国平均每天有近六七千人去全印医学院求医问药,平均每位医生一天要接待上百人,根本无法对每个病人保持耐心,但对于收入低的印度穷人来说,能够拿到免费的药、看上病,就已经很知足了。

公立医院与私立医院的医疗水平也极不平衡。在印度首都新德里,私立医院(私家诊所)与公立医院相比条件好很多。印度知名的私立医院MAX hospital在新德里有5家分院,近年来还将业务扩展至海外,足见其实力。该私立医院的硬件条件不亚于国内任何一家三甲医院,医生多毕业于欧美知名医学院,医院的各项就诊接待服务也十分成熟,前来就诊的病人络绎不绝。当然,由于私立医院的费用远高于公立医院,病人群体基本是经济条件较好的本地中产阶级甚至是来印就诊的外国人。这种被经济杠杆所割裂的医疗资源变得愈发不均衡且没有改善的苗头。所以,在印度看病比较靠谱的应该是大城市的私立医院

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